Advertisement
| sociology midterm exam: Society in America; Volume 3 Harriet Martineau, 2022-10-27 This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant. |
| sociology midterm exam: Contemporary social science research Ralph E. S. Tanner, 2008 With particular reference to developing countries. |
| sociology midterm exam: The Wilding of America Charles Derber, 1996 Americans are, he argues, in danger of becoming a nation of wilders - one in which their often ruthless exercise of individual freedom threatens to unravel society itself. But there may be solutions. In a passionate final chapter, Derber shows how Americans can rethink individualism, and how they can construct a compassionate society and a more responsible vision of the American Dream. |
| sociology midterm exam: Secondary Data Analysis Thomas P. Vartanian, 2011 This slim volume is one of a number of excellent guides published as part of Oxford's Pocket Guide to Social Work Research Methods series. Compact but comprehensive, it provides a thorough introduction to one of the fastest-growing genres of research in the social work field today: secondary data analysis. After an all-too-brief summary of what constitutes this genre and a balanced analysis of its advantages and disadvantages, Vartanian (Bryn Mawr) provides guidelines for those considering the feasibility and appropriateness of using secondary data in their work. He then offers extensive summaries of 29 of the most commonly used secondary data sets. For all of the data sets, he provides a full and complete description, including key characteristics and where and how to access them. He also provides, most valuably, citations to examples of how researchers have recently used them in their empirical work. Rather redundantly, a similar package of information appears in appendixes at the end of the book. This is an admirable contribution whose only detractions are the rather random and poorly identified screenshots and other pictures interspersed throughout the text. Those seriously considering using secondary data analysis in their research should find this book immensely beneficial. Summing Up: Highly recommended. Graduate students and faculty/researchers. Graduate Students; Researchers/Faculty. Reviewed by J. C. Altman. |
| sociology midterm exam: CLEP Introductory Sociology , |
| sociology midterm exam: Pure Sociology Lester Frank Ward, 1907 |
| sociology midterm exam: Sick Societies Robert B. Edgerton, 2010-06-15 Author and scholar Robert Edgerton challenges the notion that primitive societies were happy and healthy before they were corrupted and oppressed by colonialism. He surveys a range of ethnographic writings, and shows that many of these so-called innocent societies were cruel, confused, and misled. |
| sociology midterm exam: Unequal Childhoods Annette Lareau, 2003-09-11 Class does make a difference in the lives and futures of American children. Drawing on in-depth observations of black and white middle-class, working-class, and poor families, Unequal Childhoods explores this fact, offering a picture of childhood today. Here are the frenetic families managing their children's hectic schedules of leisure activities; and here are families with plenty of time but little economic security. Lareau shows how middle-class parents, whether black or white, engage in a process of concerted cultivation designed to draw out children's talents and skills, while working-class and poor families rely on the accomplishment of natural growth, in which a child's development unfolds spontaneously—as long as basic comfort, food, and shelter are provided. Each of these approaches to childrearing brings its own benefits and its own drawbacks. In identifying and analyzing differences between the two, Lareau demonstrates the power, and limits, of social class in shaping the lives of America's children. The first edition of Unequal Childhoods was an instant classic, portraying in riveting detail the unexpected ways in which social class influences parenting in white and African-American families. A decade later, Annette Lareau has revisited the same families and interviewed the original subjects to examine the impact of social class in the transition to adulthood. |
| sociology midterm exam: Essentials of Sociology Anthony Giddens, 2017 With a combination of up-to-the minute examples, cutting-edge research, and the latest available data, Essentials of Sociology gets students thinking sociologically about what they're seeing in the news and on their screens. Highlighting the macro social forces at work in our everyday lives, the authors move students beyond their individual experiences and cultivate their sociological imaginations. Innovative pedagogy promotes active reading and helps students master core sociological concepts. This strong in-text pedagogical program is now supported by InQuizitive, Norton's new formative, adaptive learning tool. |
| sociology midterm exam: American Society Erik Olin Wright, Joel Rogers, 2015 The definitive critical introduction to American society. |
| sociology midterm exam: Doing Things Together Howard Saul Becker, 1986 |
| sociology midterm exam: Everyday Sociology Reader Karen Sternheimer, 2020-04-15 Innovative readings and blog posts show how sociology can help us understand everyday life. |
| sociology midterm exam: Introduction to Sociology 2e Nathan J. Keirns, Heather Griffiths, Eric Strayer, Susan Cody-Rydzewski, Gail Scaramuzzo, Sally Vyain, Tommy Sadler, Jeff D. Bry, Faye Jones, 2015-03-17 This text is intended for a one-semester introductory course.--Page 1. |
| sociology midterm exam: My Freshman Year Rebekah Nathan, 2006-07-25 After fifteen years of teaching anthropology at a large university, Rebekah Nathan had become baffled by her own students. Their strange behavior—eating meals at their desks, not completing reading assignments, remaining silent through class discussions—made her feel as if she were dealing with a completely foreign culture. So Nathan decided to do what anthropologists do when confused by a different culture: Go live with them. She enrolled as a freshman, moved into the dorm, ate in the dining hall, and took a full load of courses. And she came to understand that being a student is a pretty difficult job, too. Her discoveries about contemporary undergraduate culture are surprising and her observations are invaluable, making My Freshman Year essential reading for students, parents, faculty, and anyone interested in educational policy. |
| sociology midterm exam: Punished Victor M.. Rios, 2011 |
| sociology midterm exam: Social Things Charles Lemert, 2012 Social Things introduces the sociological imagination through lively, memorable stories and interpretations. This fifth edition celebrates the book's fifteenth anniversary with important updates, an entirely new chapter that addresses the environmental challenges in our global world, and many additions that bring the history of sociology up to date. |
| sociology midterm exam: Living Sociologically Ronald N. Jacobs, Eleanor R. Townsley, 2021-09 Our students already live sociologically. They are drawn to topics of urgent sociological concern-race, class, gender, family, popular culture, health, and crime-by a need to understand the forces that shape their world, as well as a desire to change that world for the better. Yet they do not always find it easy to connect sociological concepts with real-world applications. Helping students make that connection is what we have sought to do with Living Sociologically: Concepts and Connections, Concise Edition. The task was made more urgent by the extraordinary events of 2020, which unfolded as we created the Concise version. Alongside our students - metaphorically, as we all became remote teachers and learners - we witnessed and sought to make sense of the protests and uprisings after the murder of George Floyd; the economic devastation and medical challenges of COVID-19; and the fear, misinformation, and rage leading up to (and falling out from) the presidential election. Sociology gives us both structure and vocabulary to analyze these events - and search together for not just meaning but resolution. Students naturally want to know how the study of sociology can inform their career and professional choices. Throughout this textbook, we illustrate not only the ways in which sociologists live their profession, but also the rich and surprising ways in which sociological theories inform parenting and romantic relationships, political commitments, economic decisions, cultural expressions, and religious beliefs. Living sociologically is not only interesting-it's useful. Sociology provides not only big ideas to understand social life but also concrete tools for acting in the world with purpose and meaning. Sociology helps connect the individual level with the system level, revealing a layer of reality that is not always immediately obvious. We wrote Living Sociologically because we wanted a teaching resource that was grounded in the sociological tradition but also offered a more contemporary and practical approach to the discipline. By the end of the Introduction to Sociology course, our hope is that students will be critical rather than cynical, empirically committed rather than scientifically or politically dogmatic, and attuned to social relationships as well as individual stories-- |
| sociology midterm exam: Selected Writings in Sociology & Social Philosophy Karl Marx, 1964 Presents excerpts from the philosopher's works with a critical study of his main ideas and sociological views. |
| sociology midterm exam: In Conflict and Order D. Stanley Eitzen, Maxine Baca Zinn, Kelly Eitzen Smith, 2013 This introductory text, written from a conflict perspective, emphasizes four themes: diversity, the struggle by the powerless to achieve social justice, the changing economy, and globalization. |
| sociology midterm exam: The Age of Independence Michael J. Rosenfeld, 2009-09-30 Michael J. Rosenfeld offers a new theory of family dynamics to account for the interesting and startling changes in marriage and family composition in the United States in recent years. His argument revolves around the independent life stage that emerged around 1960. This stage is experienced by young adults after they leave their parents’ homes but before they settle down to start their own families. During this time, young men and women go away to college, travel abroad, begin careers, and enjoy social independence. This independent life stage has reduced parental control over the dating practices and mate selection of their children and has resulted in a sharp rise in interracial and same-sex unions—unions that were more easily averted by previous generations of parents. Complementing analysis of newly available census data from the entire twentieth century with in-depth interviews that explore the histories of families and couples, Rosenfeld proposes a conceptual model to explain many social changes that may seem unrelated but that flow from the same underlying logic. He shows, for example, that the more a relationship is transgressive of conventional morality, the more likely it is for the individuals to live away from their family and area of origin. |
| sociology midterm exam: Georg Simmel, 1858-1918 Kurt H. Wolff, 1965 |
| sociology midterm exam: Seductions Of Crime Jack Katz, 1990-10-18 In this startling look at evil behavior, a UCLA sociologist tries to get inside the criminal psyche to understand what it means or feels, signifies, sounds, tastes, or looks like to do any particular crime. |
| sociology midterm exam: Animal Intimacies Radhika Govindrajan, 2018-05-29 “A delightful read [and] an important addition to human-animal relations studies.” —Anthropology Matters What does it mean to live and die in relation to other animals? Animal Intimacies posits this central question alongside the intimate—and intense—moments of care, kinship, violence, politics, indifference, and desire that occur between human and non-human animals. Built on extensive ethnographic fieldwork in the mountain villages of India’s Central Himalayas, Radhika Govindrajan’s book explores the number of ways that human and animal interact to cultivate relationships as interconnected, related beings. Whether it is through the study of the affect and ethics of ritual animal sacrifice, analysis of the right-wing political project of cow-protection, or examination of villagers’ talk about bears who abduct women and have sex with them, Govindrajan illustrates that multispecies relatedness relies on both difference and ineffable affinity between animals. Animal Intimacies breaks substantial new ground in animal studies, and Govindrajan’s detailed portrait of the social, political and religious life of the region will be of interest to cultural anthropologists and scholars of South Asia as well. “Immerses us in passionate case studies on the multiple relationships between Kumaoni villagers and animals in Uttarakhand.” —European Bulletin of Himalayan Research “A memorable and innovative ethnography.” —Piers Locke, University of Canterbury |
| sociology midterm exam: Eyes of I Steve Ellé, 2020-12-12 A spiritual awakening book that will lead and guide you on your spiritual journey. This message is a gift from the spiritual world. Shine upon thee with thee light, shine upon thee with thee love, shine upon thee with thee peace. Become the light, so others can see. |
| sociology midterm exam: Controlled Conclusion Walter Ihlefield, 2002-12-04 Mitchell Parks is a police officer with a background in extreme law enforcement. He is a former Navy SEAL, codename, Banshee. When his best friend is murdered, he sets out to find the killer. But the list of names found in the shirt pocket of his friend indicates that there may be more to this than just murder. Four other former SEALs must now work with Mitch to catch the killer before he can strike again. Banshee wants revenge. His way. but as an officer of the law, Mitch must restrain the warrior or lose everything. Including his own brother. |
| sociology midterm exam: Ancestors and Relatives Eviatar Zerubavel, 2012-01-26 Noted social scientist Eviatar Zerubavel casts a critical eye on how we trace our past-individually and collectively arguing that rather than simply find out who our ancestors are from genetics or history, we actually create the stories that make them our ancestors. |
| sociology midterm exam: Shameless Sociology Jennifer Beggs Weber, Pamela M. Hunt, 2020-09-23 In 2011, Showtime premiered Shameless, a comedy-drama about the audacious behaviors of the Gallaghers, a white, working-class family living in Chicago’s South Side. In 2020, the series headed into the production of its eleventh and final season, making it the longest-running original scripted program in Showtime’s history. Shameless explores topics such as poverty, alcoholism, teen pregnancy, and mental illness. The series has been credited with “reinventing working-class TV” and for humanizing groups that are typically “othered” or simply laughed at. However, others have critiqued the show for relying on and promoting stereotypes, and for the cavalier ways in which it portrays controversial social issues like rape and abortion. Shameless Sociology: Critical Perspectives on a Popular Television Series offers a critical eye toward topics such as gentrification, pregnancy and abortion, racial and gender inequality, and homophobia, and illustrates the ways in which Shameless sometimes confronts and topples stereotypes, yet, at other times, serves to reinforce and perpetuate them. Given the broad appeal of the show and the diverse topics it covers, this book will appeal to the general public, as well as researchers of media, culture, and social inequalities, and undergraduate and graduate students at institutions of higher education. |
| sociology midterm exam: Maps of Time David Christian, 2011-09 Introducing a novel perspective on the study of history, David Christian views the interaction of the natural world with the more recent arrivals in flora & fauna, including human beings. |
| sociology midterm exam: Social Democratic Capitalism Lane Kenworthy, 2020 What is the configuration of institutions and policies most conducive to human flourishing? The historical and comparative evidence from the world's rich democratic countries suggests that the answer is capitalism, a democratic political system, good elementary and secondary schooling, a big welfare state, employment-conducive public services, and moderate regulation of product and labor markets. This set of policies and institutions, which sociologist Lane Kenworthy calls social democratic capitalism, improves living standards for the least well-off, enhances economic security, and very likely boosts equality of opportunity. And it does so without sacrificing the many other things we want in a good society, from liberty to economic growth and much more. While the Nordic nations have been social democratic capitalism's chief practitioners, there is good reason to think other affluent countries, including the United States, will move in this direction in coming decades. |
| sociology midterm exam: Quantitative Social Science Kosuke Imai, Lori D. Bougher, 2021-03-16 Princeton University Press published Imai's textbook, Quantitative Social Science: An Introduction, an introduction to quantitative methods and data science for upper level undergrads and graduates in professional programs, in February 2017. What is distinct about the book is how it leads students through a series of applied examples of statistical methods, drawing on real examples from social science research. The original book was prepared with the statistical software R, which is freely available online and has gained in popularity in recent years. But many existing courses in statistics and data sciences, particularly in some subject areas like sociology and law, use STATA, another general purpose package that has been the market leader since the 1980s. We've had several requests for STATA versions of the text as many programs use it by default. This is a translation of the original text, keeping all the current pedagogical text but inserting the necessary code and outputs from STATA in their place-- |
| sociology midterm exam: Elite Deviance David R. Simon, 2018-02-05 Tracing the causes of elite deviance to the structure of U.S. power and wealth, this book introduces students to theories of elite deviance and covers both criminal and non-criminal elite acts that cause significant harm. This considerably updated, 11th edition enriches its coverage of both historical and contemporary elite deviance. Updates include: New and expanded discussions on history, property, and historical critique from Revolutionary America onward. New analysis on Donald Trump: his cabinet members of the political elite, his relationship with the EPA, and his business connections. Investigation into Caribbean and European tax havens. An extended review on elite deviance and increasing inequalities. Very current information and examples of scandals in international conflicts. The section on changing media patterns. |
| sociology midterm exam: The Sociology Project Jeff Manza, N. Y. U. Sociology NYU Sociology Department, Kirsten Kramar, 2017-01-02 Authored collaboratively by members of the NYU Sociology Department, REVEL for The Sociology Project draws on the collective wisdom of expert faculty to reveal how individuals are shaped by the contexts in which they live and act. Organized around the big questions in every subfield of the discipline, it shows how sociologists analyze our world, and sets students off on their own journeys of sociological inquiry. At its core, REVEL for The Sociology Project seeks to inspire each student's sociological imagination, and instill in each reader a new determination to question the world around us. The Canadian edition supplements the research done by faculty from the New York University Sociology Department using Canadian data and research to explore their sociological questions in the Canadian context. Throughout the chapters, students can learn about the impact of social norms, organizations, and institutions unique to Canada and reflect upon how these sociological differences may have either a positive or negative impact on individuals' quality of life in both countries and others around the world. |
| sociology midterm exam: When Work Disappears William Julius Wilson, 2011-06-08 Wilson, one of our foremost authorities on race and poverty, challenges decades of liberal and conservative pieties to look squarely at the devastating effects that joblessness has had on our urban ghettos. Marshaling a vast array of data and the personal stories of hundreds of men and women, Wilson persuasively argues that problems endemic to America's inner cities--from fatherless households to drugs and violent crime--stem directly from the disappearance of blue-collar jobs in the wake of a globalized economy. Wilson's achievement is to portray this crisis as one that affects all Americans, and to propose solutions whose benefits would be felt across our society. At a time when welfare is ending and our country's racial dialectic is more strained than ever, When Work Disappears is a sane, courageous, and desperately important work. Wilson is the keenest liberal analyst of the most perplexing of all American problems...[This book is] more ambitious and more accessible than anything he has done before. --The New Yorker |
| sociology midterm exam: Discover Sociology William J. Chambliss, Daina S. Eglitis, 2019-01-02 The authors are proud sponsors of the 2020 SAGE Keith Roberts Teaching Innovations Award—enabling graduate students and early career faculty to attend the annual ASA pre-conference teaching and learning workshop. What key social forces construct and transform our lives as individuals and as members of society? How does our social world shape us? How do we shape our world? Discover Sociology presents sociology as a discipline of curious minds. The authors inspire curiosity about the social world and empower students by providing the theoretical, conceptual, and empirical tools they need to understand, analyze, and even change the world in which they live. Organized around four main themes—The Sociological Imagination, Power and Inequality, Technological Transformations of Society, and Globalization—the book illuminates the social roots of diverse phenomena and institutions, ranging from poverty and deviance to capitalism and the nuclear family. Behind the Numbers features illustrate the practical side of sociology and shows students how to be critical consumers of social science data reported in the media. And every chapter addresses the question, What can I do with a sociology degree? by linking the knowledge and skills acquired through studying sociology with specific jobs and career paths. A Complete Teaching & Learning Package SAGE Vantage Digital Option Engage, Learn, Soar with SAGE Vantage, an intuitive digital platform that delivers Discover Sociology, Fourth Edition textbook content in a learning experience carefully designed to ignite student engagement and drive critical thinking. Built with you and your students in mind, it offers easy course set-up and enables students to better prepare for class. Assignable Video Assignable Video (available on the SAGE Vantage platform) is tied to learning objectives and curated exclusively for this text to bring concepts to life and appeal to different learning styles. . SAGE Coursepacks FREE! Easily import our quality instructor and student resource content into your school’s learning management system (LMS) and save time. . SAGE Edge FREE online resources for students that make learning easier. . SAGE course outcomes: Measure Results, Track Success Outlined in your text and mapped to chapter learning objectives, SAGE course outcomes are crafted with specific course outcomes in mind and vetted by advisors in the field. . |
| sociology midterm exam: Soc Notes Pearson, 2004-07 |
| sociology midterm exam: Understanding Sociology Earl R. Babbie, 1982 |
| sociology midterm exam: Handbook of Teaching and Learning in Sociology Sergio A. Cabrera, Stephen Sweet, 2023-01-20 Showcasing advanced research from over 30 expert sociologists, this dynamic Handbook explores a wide range of cutting-edge developments in scholarship on teaching and learning in sociology. It presents instructors with a comprehensive companion on how to achieve excellence in teaching, both in individual courses and across the undergraduate sociology curriculum. |
| sociology midterm exam: Principles of Sociology James E. Curtis, Lorne Tepperman, 2009 An exciting, concise introduction to the discipline, the new second edition of the popular Principles of Sociology assembles an impressive team of Canadian Sociologists to introduce students to the key concepts and theories of sociology. In addition to explaining the fundamental principles of sociology, the text explores how those principles may be used to yield new and surprising insights into Canadian society and Canada's place in the world. This edition has been fully updated with new discussion of Religion, Gender and Sexuality, Race and Ethnicity, Mass Media, and Globalization, and comes with access to engaging MP3 clips from CBC. The result is a unique and enlightened overview of sociology that is ideally suited to one-semester introductory courses. |
| sociology midterm exam: Imagining Sociology Catherine Corrigall-Brown, 2022-10-31 Imagining Sociology introduces students to the concept of the sociological imagination and provides them with the foundational concepts and theories that will help them use this lens to understand the social world. Organized around the themes of social inequality, social institutions, andsocial change, the text introduces the key ideas of sociology in a student-friendly, easy-to-understand way. Each chapter contains two primary-source readings, by either classical theorists or contemporary researchers, carefully integrated into the text, and critical reading questions encouragestudents to make connections between the readings and the key ideas in the chapter. Activity boxes in each chapter provide ideas for thought-provoking class activities that will capture students' interest (all class-tested by the author), while highlight boxes offer deeper analysis of importantcontemporary social issues, such as gender and racial inequality or the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. |
| sociology midterm exam: Sociology, an Introduction Earl R. Babbie, 1983 |
Sociology | Definition, History, Examples, & Facts | Britannica
Apr 25, 2025 · Sociology, a social science that studies human societies, their interactions, and the processes that preserve and change them. It does this by examining the dynamics of …
Sociology - Wikipedia
Sociology is the scientific study of human society that focuses on society, human social behavior, patterns of social relationships, social interaction, and aspects of culture associated with …
What is Sociology?
Sociology offers a distinctive and enlightening way of seeing and understanding the social world in which we live and which shapes our lives. Sociology looks beyond normal, taken-for-granted …
What is Sociology: Origin and Famous Sociologists - Simply …
Sociology is the study of human social relationships and institutions. Sociologists examine topics as diverse as crime and religion, family and the state, the divisions of race and social class, …
Sociology: Definition and Overview of the Field - ThoughtCo
May 2, 2025 · Sociology is the study of society, focusing on human interactions and behavior patterns. Sociology has two main approaches: macro-sociology and micro-sociology, each …
1.2 What Is Sociology? – Sociology in Everyday Life
Society refers to a group of people who live in a defined geographic area, who interact with one another, and who share a common culture. All of these definitions emphasize the way that …
Chapter 1. An Introduction to Sociology – Introduction to Sociology ...
Sociology is similarly divided into three types of sociological knowledge, each with its own strengths, limitations, and practical uses: positivist sociology, interpretive sociology, and critical …
What Is Sociology? Meaning, Nature And Scope - PureSociology
Apr 1, 2022 · Sociology is a discipline in social sciences concerned with human society and human social activities. It is one of the youngest social sciences. Auguste Comte, a French …
What Is Sociology? | Introduction to Sociology - Lumen Learning
Sociology is the study of groups and group interactions, societies and social interactions. A group is any collection of at least two people who interact with some frequency and who share some …
What Is Sociology? - UAGC
Apr 11, 2023 · Sociology is the study of social life, social change, and the social causes and consequences of human behavior, according to the American Sociological Association (ASA). …
Sociology | Definition, History, Examples, & Facts | Britannica
Apr 25, 2025 · Sociology, a social science that studies human societies, their interactions, and the processes that preserve and change them. It does this by examining the dynamics of …
Sociology - Wikipedia
Sociology is the scientific study of human society that focuses on society, human social behavior, patterns of social relationships, social interaction, and aspects of culture associated with …
What is Sociology?
Sociology offers a distinctive and enlightening way of seeing and understanding the social world in which we live and which shapes our lives. Sociology looks beyond normal, taken-for-granted …
What is Sociology: Origin and Famous Sociologists - Simply …
Sociology is the study of human social relationships and institutions. Sociologists examine topics as diverse as crime and religion, family and the state, the divisions of race and social class, …
Sociology: Definition and Overview of the Field - ThoughtCo
May 2, 2025 · Sociology is the study of society, focusing on human interactions and behavior patterns. Sociology has two main approaches: macro-sociology and micro-sociology, each …
1.2 What Is Sociology? – Sociology in Everyday Life
Society refers to a group of people who live in a defined geographic area, who interact with one another, and who share a common culture. All of these definitions emphasize the way that …
Chapter 1. An Introduction to Sociology – Introduction to Sociology ...
Sociology is similarly divided into three types of sociological knowledge, each with its own strengths, limitations, and practical uses: positivist sociology, interpretive sociology, and critical …
What Is Sociology? Meaning, Nature And Scope - PureSociology
Apr 1, 2022 · Sociology is a discipline in social sciences concerned with human society and human social activities. It is one of the youngest social sciences. Auguste Comte, a French …
What Is Sociology? | Introduction to Sociology - Lumen Learning
Sociology is the study of groups and group interactions, societies and social interactions. A group is any collection of at least two people who interact with some frequency and who share some …
What Is Sociology? - UAGC
Apr 11, 2023 · Sociology is the study of social life, social change, and the social causes and consequences of human behavior, according to the American Sociological Association (ASA). …
