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| political determinants of health: The Political Determinants of Health Daniel E. Dawes, 2020-03-24 How do policy and politics influence the social conditions that generate health outcomes? Reduced life expectancy, worsening health outcomes, health inequity, and declining health care options—these are now realities for most Americans. However, in a country of more than 325 million people, addressing everyone's issues is challenging. How can we effect beneficial change for everyone so we all can thrive? What is the great equalizer? In this book, Daniel E. Dawes argues that political determinants of health create the social drivers—including poor environmental conditions, inadequate transportation, unsafe neighborhoods, and lack of healthy food options—that affect all other dynamics of health. By understanding these determinants, their origins, and their impact on the equitable distribution of opportunities and resources, we will be better equipped to develop and implement actionable solutions to close the health gap. Dawes draws on his firsthand experience helping to shape major federal policies, including the Affordable Care Act, to describe the history of efforts to address the political determinants that have resulted in health inequities. Taking us further upstream to the underlying source of the causes of inequities, Dawes examines the political decisions that lead to our social conditions, makes the social determinants of health more accessible, and provides a playbook for how we can address them effectively. A thought-provoking and evocative account that considers both the policies we think of as health policy and those that we don't, The Political Determinants of Health provides a novel, multidisciplinary framework for addressing the systemic barriers preventing the United States from becoming the healthiest nation in the world. |
| political determinants of health: The Political Determinants of Health Daniel E. Dawes, 2020-03-24 How do policy and politics influence the social conditions that generate health outcomes? Reduced life expectancy, worsening health outcomes, health inequity, and declining health care options—these are now realities for most Americans. However, in a country of more than 325 million people, addressing everyone's issues is challenging. How can we effect beneficial change for everyone so we all can thrive? What is the great equalizer? In this book, Daniel E. Dawes argues that political determinants of health create the social drivers—including poor environmental conditions, inadequate transportation, unsafe neighborhoods, and lack of healthy food options—that affect all other dynamics of health. By understanding these determinants, their origins, and their impact on the equitable distribution of opportunities and resources, we will be better equipped to develop and implement actionable solutions to close the health gap. Dawes draws on his firsthand experience helping to shape major federal policies, including the Affordable Care Act, to describe the history of efforts to address the political determinants that have resulted in health inequities. Taking us further upstream to the underlying source of the causes of inequities, Dawes examines the political decisions that lead to our social conditions, makes the social determinants of health more accessible, and provides a playbook for how we can address them effectively. A thought-provoking and evocative account that considers both the policies we think of as health policy and those that we don't, The Political Determinants of Health provides a novel, multidisciplinary framework for addressing the systemic barriers preventing the United States from becoming the healthiest nation in the world. |
| political determinants of health: Key Policies for Addressing the Social Determinants of Health and Health Inequities Matthew Saunders, Centers of Disease Control, Phil McHale, Christoph Hamelmann, 2017-09-27 Evidence indicates that actions within four main themes (early child development fair employment and decent work social protection and the living environment) are likely to have the greatest impact on the social determinants of health and health inequities. A systematic search and analysis of recommendations and policy guidelines from intergovernmental organizations and international bodies identified practical policy options for action on social determinants within these four themes. Policy options focused on early childhood education and care; child poverty; investment strategies for an inclusive economy; active labour market programmes; working conditions; social cash transfers; affordable housing; and planning and regulatory mechanisms to improve air quality and mitigate climate change. Applying combinations of these policy options alongside effective governance for health equity should enable WHO European Region Member States to reduce health inequities and synergize efforts to achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. |
| political determinants of health: 150 Years of ObamaCare Daniel E. Dawes, 2018-03-30 Go behind the curtain of the creation and implementation of the Affordable Care Act. In this groundbreaking book, health-care attorney Daniel E. Dawes explores the secret backstory of the Affordable Care Act, shedding light on the creation and implementation of the greatest and most sweeping equalizer in the history of American health care. An eye-opening and authoritative narrative written from an insider’s perspective, 150 Years of ObamaCare debunks contemporary understandings of health reform. It also provides a comprehensive and unprecedented review of the health equity movement and the little-known leadership efforts that were crucial to passing public policies and laws reforming mental health, minority health, and universal health. An instrumental player in a large coalition of organizations that helped shape ObamaCare, Dawes tells the story of the Affordable Care Act with urgency and intimate detail. He reveals what went on behind the scenes by including copies of letters and e-mails written by the people and groups who worked to craft and pass the law. Dawes explains the law through a health equity lens, focusing on what it is meant to do and how it affects various groups. Ultimately, he argues that ObamaCare is much more comprehensive in the context of previous reform efforts than is typically understood. In an increasingly polarized political environment, health reform has been caught in the cross fire of the partisan struggle, making it difficult to separate fact from fiction. Offering unparalleled and complete insight into the efforts by the Obama administration, Congress, and external stakeholders, 150 Years of ObamaCare illuminates one of the most challenging legislative feats in the history of the United States. |
| political determinants of health: Remedy and Reaction Paul Starr, 2013-06-04 In no other country has health care served as such a volatile flashpoint of ideological conflict. America has endured a century of rancorous debate on health insurance, and despite the passage of legislation in 2010, the battle is not yet over. This book is a history of how and why the United States became so stubbornly different in health care, presented by an expert with unsurpassed knowledge of the issues. Tracing health-care reform from its beginnings to its current uncertain prospects, Paul Starr argues that the United States ensnared itself in a trap through policies that satisfied enough of the public and so enriched the health-care industry as to make the system difficult to change. He reveals the inside story of the rise and fall of the Clinton health plan in the early 1990sùand of the Gingrich counterrevolution that followed. And he explains the curious tale of how Mitt RomneyÆs reforms in Massachusetts became a model for Democrats and then follows both the passage of those reforms under Obama and the explosive reaction they elicited from conservatives. Writing concisely and with an even hand, the author offers exactly what is needed as the debate continuesùa penetrating account of how health care became such treacherous terrain in American politics. |
| political determinants of health: A Framework for Educating Health Professionals to Address the Social Determinants of Health National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Board on Global Health, Committee on Educating Health Professionals to Address the Social Determinants of Health, 2016-10-14 The World Health Organization defines the social determinants of health as the conditions in which people are born, grow, work, live, and age, and the wider set of forces and systems shaping the conditions of daily life. These forces and systems include economic policies, development agendas, cultural and social norms, social policies, and political systems. In an era of pronounced human migration, changing demographics, and growing financial gaps between rich and poor, a fundamental understanding of how the conditions and circumstances in which individuals and populations exist affect mental and physical health is imperative. Educating health professionals about the social determinants of health generates awareness among those professionals about the potential root causes of ill health and the importance of addressing them in and with communities, contributing to more effective strategies for improving health and health care for underserved individuals, communities, and populations. Recently, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop to develop a high-level framework for such health professional education. A Framework for Educating Health Professionals to Address the Social Determinants of Health also puts forth a conceptual model for the framework's use with the goal of helping stakeholder groups envision ways in which organizations, education, and communities can come together to address health inequalities. |
| political determinants of health: Political And Economic Determinants of Population Health and Well-Being: Vincente Navarro, Caries Muntaner, 2020-11-26 The field of social inequalities in health continues its vigorous growth in the early years of the 21st century. This volume, following in the footsteps of Vicente Navarro's edited collection The Political Economy of Social Inequalities, is a compilation of recent contributions to the areas of social epidemiology, health disparities, health economics, and health services research. The overarching theme is to describe and explain the evergrowing health inequalities across social class, race, and gender, as well as neighborhood, city, region, country, and continent. The approach of this book is distinctly multi-, trans-, and interdisciplinary: the fields of public health, population health, epidemiology, economics, sociology, political science, philosophy, medicine, and history are all represented here. |
| political determinants of health: Macrosocial Determinants of Population Health Sandro Galea, 2007-10-24 This book explores social factors such as culture, mass media, political systems, and migration that influence public health while systematically considering how we may best study these factors and use our knowledge from this study to guide public health interventions. Throughout, contributors emphasize the potential of population strategies to influence traditional risk factors associated with health and disease. Each section ends with Galea’s integrative chapters, bringing the observations and conclusions from the chapters into clear, usable focus. |
| political determinants of health: The Social Determinants of Mental Health Michael T. Compton, Ruth S. Shim, 2015-04-01 The Social Determinants of Mental Health aims to fill the gap that exists in the psychiatric, scholarly, and policy-related literature on the social determinants of mental health: those factors stemming from where we learn, play, live, work, and age that impact our overall mental health and well-being. The editors and an impressive roster of chapter authors from diverse scholarly backgrounds provide detailed information on topics such as discrimination and social exclusion; adverse early life experiences; poor education; unemployment, underemployment, and job insecurity; income inequality, poverty, and neighborhood deprivation; food insecurity; poor housing quality and housing instability; adverse features of the built environment; and poor access to mental health care. This thought-provoking book offers many beneficial features for clinicians and public health professionals: Clinical vignettes are included, designed to make the content accessible to readers who are primarily clinicians and also to demonstrate the practical, individual-level applicability of the subject matter for those who typically work at the public health, population, and/or policy level. Policy implications are discussed throughout, designed to make the content accessible to readers who work primarily at the public health or population level and also to demonstrate the policy relevance of the subject matter for those who typically work at the clinical level. All chapters include five to six key points that focus on the most important content, helping to both prepare the reader with a brief overview of the chapter's main points and reinforce the take-away messages afterward. In addition to the main body of the book, which focuses on selected individual social determinants of mental health, the volume includes an in-depth overview that summarizes the editors' and their colleagues' conceptualization, as well as a final chapter coauthored by Dr. David Satcher, 16th Surgeon General of the United States, that serves as a Call to Action, offering specific actions that can be taken by both clinicians and policymakers to address the social determinants of mental health. The editors have succeeded in the difficult task of balancing the individual/clinical/patient perspective and the population/public health/community point of view, while underscoring the need for both groups to work in a unified way to address the inequities in twenty-first century America. The Social Determinants of Mental Health gives readers the tools to understand and act to improve mental health and reduce risk for mental illnesses for individuals and communities. Students preparing for the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT) will also benefit from this book, as the MCAT in 2015 will test applicants' knowledge of social determinants of health. The social determinants of mental health are not distinct from the social determinants of physical health, although they deserve special emphasis given the prevalence and burden of poor mental health. |
| political determinants of health: Health Disparities in the United States Donald A. Barr, 2019-08-20 Challenging students to think critically about the complex web of social forces that leads to health disparities in the United States. The health care system in the United States has been called the best in the world. Yet wide disparities persist between social groups, and many Americans suffer from poorer health than people in other developed countries. In this revised edition of Health Disparities in the United States, Donald A. Barr provides extensive new data about the ways low socioeconomic status, race, and ethnicity interact to create and perpetuate these health disparities. Examining the significance of this gulf for the medical community and society at large, Barr offers potential policy- and physician-based solutions for reducing health inequity in the long term. This thoroughly updated edition focuses on a new challenge the United States last experienced more than half a century ago: successive years of declining life expectancy. Barr addresses the causes of this decline, including what are commonly referred to as deaths of despair—from opiate overdose or suicide. Exploring the growing role geography plays in health disparities, Barr asks why people living in rural areas suffer the greatest increases in these deaths. He also analyzes recent changes under the Affordable Care Act and considers the literature on how race and ethnicity affect the way health care providers evaluate and treat patients. As both a physician and a sociologist, Barr is uniquely positioned to offer rigorous medical explanations alongside sociological analysis. An essential text for courses in public health, health policy, and sociology, this compelling book is a vital teaching tool and a comprehensive reference for social science and medical professionals. |
| political determinants of health: Prevention, Policy, and Public Health Amy A. Eyler, Jamie F. Chriqui, Sarah Moreland-Russell, Ross C. Brownson, 2016 Prevention, Policy, and Public Health provides a basic foundation for students, professionals, and researchers to be more effective in the policy arena. It offers information on the dynamics of the policymaking process, theoretical frameworks, analysis, and policy applications. It also offers coverage of advocacy and communication, the two most integral aspects of shaping policies for public health. |
| political determinants of health: The Future of the Public's Health in the 21st Century Institute of Medicine, Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Committee on Assuring the Health of the Public in the 21st Century, 2003-02-01 The anthrax incidents following the 9/11 terrorist attacks put the spotlight on the nation's public health agencies, placing it under an unprecedented scrutiny that added new dimensions to the complex issues considered in this report. The Future of the Public's Health in the 21st Century reaffirms the vision of Healthy People 2010, and outlines a systems approach to assuring the nation's health in practice, research, and policy. This approach focuses on joining the unique resources and perspectives of diverse sectors and entities and challenges these groups to work in a concerted, strategic way to promote and protect the public's health. Focusing on diverse partnerships as the framework for public health, the book discusses: The need for a shift from an individual to a population-based approach in practice, research, policy, and community engagement. The status of the governmental public health infrastructure and what needs to be improved, including its interface with the health care delivery system. The roles nongovernment actors, such as academia, business, local communities and the media can play in creating a healthy nation. Providing an accessible analysis, this book will be important to public health policy-makers and practitioners, business and community leaders, health advocates, educators and journalists. |
| political determinants of health: Closing the Gap in a Generation WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health, World Health Organization, 2008 Social justice is a matter of life and death. It affects the way people live, their consequent chance of illness, and their risk of premature death. We watch in wonder as life expectancy and good health continue to increase in parts of the world and in alarm as they fail to improve in others. |
| political determinants of health: Political Sociology and the People's Health Jason Beckfield, 2018-08-10 A social epidemiologist looks at health inequalities in terms of the upstream factors that produced them. A political sociologist sees these same inequalities as products of institutions that unequally allocate power and social goods. Neither is wrong -- but can the two talk to one another? In a stirring new synthesis, Political Sociology and the People's Health advances the debate over social inequalities in health by offering a new set of provocative hypotheses around how health is distributed in and across populations. It joins political sociology's macroscopic insights into social policy, labor markets, and the racialized and gendered state with social epidemiology's conceptualizations and measurements of populations, etiologic periods, and distributions. The result is a major leap forward in how we understand the relationships between institutions and inequalities -- and essential reading for those in public health, sociology, and beyond. |
| political determinants of health: U.S. Health in International Perspective National Research Council, Institute of Medicine, Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, Committee on Population, Panel on Understanding Cross-National Health Differences Among High-Income Countries, 2013-04-12 The United States is among the wealthiest nations in the world, but it is far from the healthiest. Although life expectancy and survival rates in the United States have improved dramatically over the past century, Americans live shorter lives and experience more injuries and illnesses than people in other high-income countries. The U.S. health disadvantage cannot be attributed solely to the adverse health status of racial or ethnic minorities or poor people: even highly advantaged Americans are in worse health than their counterparts in other, peer countries. In light of the new and growing evidence about the U.S. health disadvantage, the National Institutes of Health asked the National Research Council (NRC) and the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to convene a panel of experts to study the issue. The Panel on Understanding Cross-National Health Differences Among High-Income Countries examined whether the U.S. health disadvantage exists across the life span, considered potential explanations, and assessed the larger implications of the findings. U.S. Health in International Perspective presents detailed evidence on the issue, explores the possible explanations for the shorter and less healthy lives of Americans than those of people in comparable countries, and recommends actions by both government and nongovernment agencies and organizations to address the U.S. health disadvantage. |
| political determinants of health: The Social Determinants of Health Kathryn Strother Ratcliff, 2017-08-31 This timely book takes seriously the idea of understanding how our social world – and not individual responsibility or the healthcare system – is the primary determinant of our health. Kathryn Strother Ratcliff puts into practice the upstream imagery from public health discourse, which locates the causes (and solutions) of health problems within the social environment. Each chapter explains how the policies, politics, and power behind corporate and governmental decisions and actions produce unhealthy circumstances of living – such as poverty, pollution, dangerous working conditions, and unhealthy modes of food production – and demonstrates that putting profit and politics over people is unhealthy and unsustainable. While the book examines how these unhealthy conditions of life generate significant class and ethnic health disparities, the focus is on everyone's health. Arguing that none of us should be placed in health-threatening situations that could have been prevented, Ratcliff's provocative analysis uses social justice and human rights lenses to guide the discussion upstream, toward possible changes that should produce a healthier world for us all. Using data and ideas from many disciplines, the book provides a synthesis of invaluable information for activists and policymakers, as well as for professionals and students in sociology, public health, and other fields related to health. |
| political determinants of health: Oxford Textbook of Global Public Health Roger Detels, Martin Gulliford, Quarraisha Abdool Karim, Chorh Chuan Tan, 2017 Sixth edition of the hugely successful, internationally recognised textbook on global public health and epidemiology, with 3 volumes comprehensively covering the scope, methods, and practice of the discipline |
| political determinants of health: Local Authorities and the Social Determinants of Health Adrian Bonner, 2020-10-14 As many social inequalities widen, this is a crucial survey of local authorities’ evolving role in health, social care and wellbeing. Health and social and public policy experts review structural changes in provision and procurement, and explore social determinants of health including intergenerational needs and housing. With detailed assessments of regional disparities and case studies of effective strategies and interventions from local authorities, this collaborative study addresses complex issues (Wicked Issues), considers where responsibility for wellbeing lies and points the way to future policy-making. The Centre for Partnering (CfP) is a key outcome of this innovative review along with Bonner’s previous work Social Determinants of Health (2017). |
| political determinants of health: Communities in Action National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Health and Medicine Division, Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice, Committee on Community-Based Solutions to Promote Health Equity in the United States, 2017-04-27 In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome. |
| political determinants of health: Regimes of Inequality Julia Lynch, 2020-01-02 Why can't politicians seem to make policies that will reduce social inequality, even when they acknowledge that inequality is harmful? |
| political determinants of health: Immigration as a Social Determinant of Health National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Health and Medicine Division, Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice, Roundtable on the Promotion of Health Equity, 2019-01-28 Since 1965 the foreign-born population of the United States has swelled from 9.6 million or 5 percent of the population to 45 million or 14 percent in 2015. Today, about one-quarter of the U.S. population consists of immigrants or the children of immigrants. Given the sizable representation of immigrants in the U.S. population, their health is a major influence on the health of the population as a whole. On average, immigrants are healthier than native-born Americans. Yet, immigrants also are subject to the systematic marginalization and discrimination that often lead to the creation of health disparities. To explore the link between immigration and health disparities, the Roundtable on the Promotion of Health Equity held a workshop in Oakland, California, on November 28, 2017. This summary of that workshop highlights the presentations and discussions of the workshop. |
| political determinants of health: A Sociological Approach to Health Determinants Toni Schofield, 2015-02-03 This book is a comprehensive resource that provides a new perspective on the influence of social structures on health. |
| political determinants of health: The American Health Care Paradox Elizabeth Bradley, Lauren Taylor, 2013-11-05 Considers why U.S. society is believed to be less healthy in spite of disproportionate spending on health care, identifying a lack of social services, outdated care allocations, and a resistance to government programs as the problem. |
| political determinants of health: The Political Economy of Health and Health Care Joan Costa-Font, Joan Costa-i-Font, Gilberto Turati, Alberto Batinti, 2020-05-28 Provides an international, unifying perspective, based on the 'public choice' tradition, to explain how patient-citizens interact with their country's political institutions to determine health policies and outcomes. This volume will appeal to undergraduate and graduate students studying health economics, health policy and public policy. |
| political determinants of health: My Quest for Health Equity David Satcher, 2020-09-08 Reading this book is like sitting down with Dr. David Satcher to hear stories of leadership and lessons learned from his lifetime commitment to health equity. Dr. David Satcher is one of the most widely known and well-regarded physicians of our time. A former four-star admiral in the US Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, he served as the assistant secretary for health, the surgeon general of the United States, and the director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention before founding the eponymous Satcher Health Leadership Institute at Morehouse School of Medicine. At the core of his impact on public health, he is also a lifelong leader for civil rights and health equity. Born black and poor in the deep South, Dr. Satcher was a victim of an unjust health care system: he almost died of whooping cough at the age of two because Jim Crow laws meant that his black doctor could not admit him to a hospital. That experience was the first of many that shaped him as a leader and a healer deeply attuned to social inequity—someone who was determined to make a positive difference. In My Quest for Health Equity, Dr. Satcher takes an inspiring and instructive look inside his fifty-year career to shed light on the challenge and burden of leadership. Explaining that he has thought of each leadership role—whether in academia, community, or government—as an opportunity to move the needle toward health equity, he shares the hard-won lessons he has learned over a lifetime in the medical field. Drawing on his early memories, medical school days, experience in the civil rights movement, and professional highs and lows, Dr. Satcher touches on a number of topics, including • the essential qualities of leadership • leading from science to policy to practice • the importance of clear communication and continual learning • the need for workplace discipline • confronting failure • specific health issues, including the obesity epidemic, reproductive health, and mental health stigma • team approaches to leadership • and much more In this book, readers will discover a template for using leadership roles of all types to eliminate health disparities. My Quest for Health Equity is a vital resource for current and rising leaders. |
| political determinants of health: The Determinants of Public Policy Thomas R. Dye, Virginia Gray, 1980 |
| political determinants of health: Poverty in the Philippines Asian Development Bank, 2009-12-01 Against the backdrop of the global financial crisis and rising food, fuel, and commodity prices, addressing poverty and inequality in the Philippines remains a challenge. The proportion of households living below the official poverty line has declined slowly and unevenly in the past four decades, and poverty reduction has been much slower than in neighboring countries such as the People's Republic of China, Indonesia, Thailand, and Viet Nam. Economic growth has gone through boom and bust cycles, and recent episodes of moderate economic expansion have had limited impact on the poor. Great inequality across income brackets, regions, and sectors, as well as unmanaged population growth, are considered some of the key factors constraining poverty reduction efforts. This publication analyzes the causes of poverty and recommends ways to accelerate poverty reduction and achieve more inclusive growth. it also provides an overview of current government responses, strategies, and achievements in the fight against poverty and identifies and prioritizes future needs and interventions. The analysis is based on current literature and the latest available data, including the 2006 Family Income and Expenditure Survey. |
| political determinants of health: Exchange Politics David K. Jones, 2017 1. Introduction -- 2. Mississippi -- 3. Michigan -- 4. Idaho -- 5. New Mexico -- 6. Exchange politics and the future of health reform |
| political determinants of health: Political Determinants of Corporate Governance Mark J. Roe, 2003 In a painstaking analysis, Roe (law, Harvard Law School) examines the impact of a nation's strong social policies on the corporate governance, suggesting that stronger social policies can cause an American style of diffuse ownership among shareholders to fail. The link between social policies and corporate governance is examined statistically for a large number of countries, and in case studies for seven: Italy, Germany, Sweden, the UK, France, Japan, and the US. Product markets, securities markets, and the ability of corporate and economic structures to induce a political backlash are discussed. Annotation (c)2003 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com). |
| political determinants of health: Crossing the Global Quality Chasm National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Health and Medicine Division, Board on Health Care Services, Board on Global Health, Committee on Improving the Quality of Health Care Globally, 2019-01-27 In 2015, building on the advances of the Millennium Development Goals, the United Nations adopted Sustainable Development Goals that include an explicit commitment to achieve universal health coverage by 2030. However, enormous gaps remain between what is achievable in human health and where global health stands today, and progress has been both incomplete and unevenly distributed. In order to meet this goal, a deliberate and comprehensive effort is needed to improve the quality of health care services globally. Crossing the Global Quality Chasm: Improving Health Care Worldwide focuses on one particular shortfall in health care affecting global populations: defects in the quality of care. This study reviews the available evidence on the quality of care worldwide and makes recommendations to improve health care quality globally while expanding access to preventive and therapeutic services, with a focus in low-resource areas. Crossing the Global Quality Chasm emphasizes the organization and delivery of safe and effective care at the patient/provider interface. This study explores issues of access to services and commodities, effectiveness, safety, efficiency, and equity. Focusing on front line service delivery that can directly impact health outcomes for individuals and populations, this book will be an essential guide for key stakeholders, governments, donors, health systems, and others involved in health care. |
| political determinants of health: The Price We Pay Marty Makary, 2019-09-10 New York Times bestseller Business Book of the Year--Association of Business Journalists From the New York Times bestselling author comes an eye-opening, urgent look at America's broken health care system--and the people who are saving it--now with a new Afterword by the author. A must-read for every American. --Steve Forbes, editor-in-chief, FORBES One in five Americans now has medical debt in collections and rising health care costs today threaten every small business in America. Dr. Makary, one of the nation's leading health care experts, travels across America and details why health care has become a bubble. Drawing from on-the-ground stories, his research, and his own experience, The Price We Pay paints a vivid picture of the business of medicine and its elusive money games in need of a serious shake-up. Dr. Makary shows how so much of health care spending goes to things that have nothing to do with health and what you can do about it. Dr. Makary challenges the medical establishment to remember medicine's noble heritage of caring for people when they are vulnerable. The Price We Pay offers a road map for everyday Americans and business leaders to get a better deal on their health care, and profiles the disruptors who are innovating medical care. The movement to restore medicine to its mission, Makary argues, is alive and well--a mission that can rebuild the public trust and save our country from the crushing cost of health care. |
| political determinants of health: Introduction to U.S. Health Policy Donald A. Barr, 2011-12-01 Health care reform has dominated public discourse over the past several years, and the recent passage of the Affordable Care Act, rather than quell the rhetoric, has sparked even more debate. Donald A. Barr reviews the current structure of the American health care system, describing the historical and political contexts in which it developed and the core policy issues that continue to confront us today. This comprehensive analysis introduces the various organizations and institutions that make the U.S. health care system work—or fail to work, as the case may be. A principal message of the book is the seeming paradox of the quality of health care in this country—on the one hand it is the best medical care system in the world, on the other it is one of the worst among developed countries because of how it is organized. Barr introduces readers to broad cultural issues surrounding health care policy, such as access, affordability, and quality. He discusses specific elements of U.S. health care, including insurance, especially Medicare and Medicaid, the shift to for-profit managed care, the pharmaceutical industry, issues of long-term care, the plight of the uninsured, medical errors, and nursing shortages. The latest edition of this widely adopted text updates the description and discussion of key sectors of America’s health care system in light of the Affordable Care Act. |
| political determinants of health: The Future of Nursing 2020-2030 National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine, Committee on the Future of Nursing 2020-2030, 2021-09-30 The decade ahead will test the nation's nearly 4 million nurses in new and complex ways. Nurses live and work at the intersection of health, education, and communities. Nurses work in a wide array of settings and practice at a range of professional levels. They are often the first and most frequent line of contact with people of all backgrounds and experiences seeking care and they represent the largest of the health care professions. A nation cannot fully thrive until everyone - no matter who they are, where they live, or how much money they make - can live their healthiest possible life, and helping people live their healthiest life is and has always been the essential role of nurses. Nurses have a critical role to play in achieving the goal of health equity, but they need robust education, supportive work environments, and autonomy. Accordingly, at the request of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, on behalf of the National Academy of Medicine, an ad hoc committee under the auspices of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine conducted a study aimed at envisioning and charting a path forward for the nursing profession to help reduce inequities in people's ability to achieve their full health potential. The ultimate goal is the achievement of health equity in the United States built on strengthened nursing capacity and expertise. By leveraging these attributes, nursing will help to create and contribute comprehensively to equitable public health and health care systems that are designed to work for everyone. The Future of Nursing 2020-2030: Charting a Path to Achieve Health Equity explores how nurses can work to reduce health disparities and promote equity, while keeping costs at bay, utilizing technology, and maintaining patient and family-focused care into 2030. This work builds on the foundation set out by The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health (2011) report. |
| political determinants of health: Well Sandro Galea, 2019 A deeply affecting work from one of the important and innovative voices in American health and medicine. -- Arianna Huffington In Well, physician Sandro Galea examines what Americans miss when they fixate on healthcare: health. Well is a radical examination of the subtle and not-so-subtle factors that determine who gets to be healthy in America. Galea shows how the country's failing health is a product of American history and character -- and how refocusing on our national health can usher enlightenment across American society and politics. |
| political determinants of health: Aftershocks Colin Kahl, Thomas Wright, 2021-08-24 Two of America's leading national security experts offer a definitive account of the global impact of COVID-19 and the political shock waves it will have on the United States and the world order in the 21st Century. “Informed by history, reporting, and a truly global perspective, this is an indispensable first draft of history and blueprint for how we can move forward.” —Ben Rhodes The COVID-19 pandemic killed millions, infected hundreds of millions, and laid bare the deep vulnerabilities and inequalities of our interconnected world. The accompanying economic crash was the worst since the Great Depression, with the International Monetary Fund estimating that it will cost over $22 trillion in global wealth over the next few years. Over two decades of progress in reducing extreme poverty was erased, just in the space of a few months. Already fragile states in every corner of the globe were further hollowed out. The brewing clash between the United States and China boiled over and the worldwide contest between democracy and authoritarianism deepened. It was a truly global crisis necessitating a collective response—and yet international cooperation almost entirely broke down, with key world leaders hardly on speaking terms. Colin Kahl and Thomas Wright's Aftershocks offers a riveting and comprehensive account of one of the strangest and most consequential years on record. Drawing on interviews with officials from around the world and extensive research, the authors tell the story of how nationalism and major power rivalries constrained the response to the worst pandemic in a century. They demonstrate the myriad ways in which the crisis exposed the limits of the old international order and how the reverberations from COVID-19 will be felt for years to come. |
| political determinants of health: Governance for Health in the 21st Century Ilona Kickbusch, David Gleicher, 2012 A range of collaborative governance mechanisms has developed in many policy arenas in the past decade. The study on governance for health in the 21st century tracks governance innovations that have been introduced to address priority determinants of health and summarizes them as five strategic approaches to smart governance for health. The study relates the emergence of joint action of the health sector and non-health sectors, of public and private actors and of citizens to achieve seminal changes in 21st-century societies. They include a new understanding of health and well-being as key features of what constitutes a successful society and vibrant economy and the higher value placed on equity and participation. The study further describes the type of structures and mechanisms that enable collaboration and outlines the new role that health ministers and ministries and public health agencies need to adopt in such a challenging policy environment. |
| political determinants of health: War and the Health of Nations Zaryab Iqbal, 2010-02-10 Assessments of the costs of war generally focus on the financial, political, military, and territorial risks associated with involvement in violent conflict. Often overlooked are the human costs of war, particularly their effects on population well-being. In War and the Health of Nations, Zaryab Iqbal explores these human costs by offering the first large-scale empirical study of the relationship between armed conflict and population health. Working within the influential human security paradigm—which emphasizes the security of populations rather than states as the central object of global security—Iqbal analyzes the direct and indirect mechanisms through which violent conflict degrades population health. In addition to battlefield casualties, these include war's detrimental economic effects, its role in the creation of refugees and forced migration, and the destruction of societies' infrastructure. In doing so, she provides a comprehensive picture of the processes through which war and violent conflict affect public health and the well-being of societies in a cross-national context. War and the Health of Nations provides a conceptual and theoretical framework for understanding the influence of violent interstate and intrastate conflict on the quality of life of populations and empirically analyzes the war-and-health relationship through statistical models using a universal sample of states. The analyses provide strong evidence for the direct as well as the indirect effects of war on public health and offer important insights into key socio-economic determinants of health achievement. The book thus demonstrates the significance of population health as an important consequence of armed conflict and highlights the role of societal vulnerabilities in studies of global security. |
| political determinants of health: Challenging Inequities in Health Timothy Evans, 2001 This text provides a unique view of global inequities in health status and health sytems. Emphasizing socioeconomic conditions, it combines chapters on conceptual and measurement issues with case studies from around the world. |
| political determinants of health: Perspectives on Health Equity and Social Determinants of Health National Academy of Medicine, 2023-09-08 Social factors, signals, and biases shape the health of our nation. Racism and poverty manifest in unequal social, environmental, and economic conditions, resulting in deep-rooted health disparities that carry over from generation to generation. In Perspectives on Health Equity and Social Determinants of Health, authors call for collective action across sectors to reverse the debilitating and often lethal consequences of health inequity. This edited volume of discussion papers provides recommendations to advance the agenda to promote health equity for all. Organized by research approaches and policy implications, systems that perpetuate or ameliorate health disparities, and specific examples of ways in which health disparities manifest in communities of color, this Special Publication provides a stark look at how health and well-being are nurtured, protected, and preserved where people live, learn, work, and play. All of our nation's institutions have important roles to play even if they do not think of their purpose as fundamentally linked to health and well-being. The rich discussions found throughout Perspectives on Health Equity and Social Determinants of Health make way for the translation of policies and actions to improve health and health equity for all citizens of our society. The major health problems of our time cannot be solved by health care alone. They cannot be solved by public health alone. Collective action is needed, and it is needed now. |
| political determinants of health: Health-Care Utilization as a Proxy in Disability Determination National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Health and Medicine Division, Board on Health Care Services, Committee on Health Care Utilization and Adults with Disabilities, 2018-04-02 The Social Security Administration (SSA) administers two programs that provide benefits based on disability: the Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) program and the Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program. This report analyzes health care utilizations as they relate to impairment severity and SSA's definition of disability. Health Care Utilization as a Proxy in Disability Determination identifies types of utilizations that might be good proxies for listing-level severity; that is, what represents an impairment, or combination of impairments, that are severe enough to prevent a person from doing any gainful activity, regardless of age, education, or work experience. |
Political Determinants of Health: A Global Panacea for Health ...
19 Oct 2022 · The political determinants of health create the structural conditions and the social drivers—including poor environmental conditions, inadequate transportation, unsafe …
The political determinants of health—10 years on - The BMJ
8 Jan 2015 · Bambra et al provide three arguments why health is political 1: health is unevenly distributed, many health determinants are dependent on political action, and health is a critical …
Political determinants of health - Oxford Academic
23 Jan 2014 · Public health researchers are well aware of the dangers of studying the effect of medical treatment on health outcomes in a non-experimental framework, and should be …
Political Determinants of Health - Satcher Health Leadership Institute
The political determinants of health create the social drivers - including poor environmental conditions, inadequate transportation, unsafe neighborhoods, and lack of healthy food options …
The political origins of health inequity: prospects for change
We argue that the norms, policies, and practices that arise from global political interaction (the global political determinants of health) and that unfavourably affect the health of some groups …
NHS and the whole of society must act on social determinants of health ...
11 Apr 2024 · We then provide an overview of the evidence, showing how action on the social determinants can improve health. We confront the challenging political nature of this area, …
The Political Determinants of Health - Google Books
In this book, Daniel E. Dawes argues that political determinants of health create the social drivers—including poor environmental conditions, inadequate transportation, unsafe …
Towards Critical Analysis of the Political Determinants of Health
2 Nov 2019 · However, further critical analysis is needed to advance understanding of political determinants of health, which are the “norms, policies and practices that arise from …
Political polarization and health | Nature Medicine
25 Oct 2024 · Social determinants of health, which include economic and employment stability, education, social inclusion, housing and community contexts, have been widely studied; but...
Understanding geopolitical determinants of health - PMC
Understanding health challenges and policy responses as geopolitically shaped could help identify unintended consequences of not factoring in geopolitical determinants of health in …
Digital Is Political: Why We Need a Feminist Conceptual Lens on ...
DDH is situated within a larger context of the political determinants of health. Hence, this article presents an analysis of DDH, as seen through political science, and the feminist studies of …
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65.8, which endorsed the Rio Political Declaration on Social Determinants of Health and emphasized the need for “delivering equitable economic growth through resolute action on …
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tion with social and political determinants of health that have been a growing focus for scholars (Millar,2013). The term “commercial determinants of health” initially referred
Political determinants of health: Lessons for Pakistan
Political determinants of Health. Political determinants of health: Lessons for Pakistan ...
Syllabus HPM 242: Determinants of Health - University of …
Each week of the quarter presents the determinants of health from a different perspective. Usually, but not always, this perspective is that of a particular determinant, such as economic …
UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH …
The Political Determinants of Health—10 Years On. BMJ 350: h81. Mackenbach, Johan P. 2013. Political Conditions and Life Expectancy in Europe, 1900-2008. Social Science and Medicine …
Political polarization and health - Nature
In addition to social determinants of health, such as economic resources, education, access to care and various environmental factors, there is growing evidence that political polarization …
Resource Pack: Social Determinants of Health - Harvard University
Social Determinants of Health . Resource Pack . 2024 . Overview . This resource pack was curated by the Global Health Education and Learning Incubator to explore how social, …
Healthy People 2020: An Opportunity to Address Societal Determinants …
Societal Determinants of Health in the U.S. Secretary’s Advisory Committee on . National Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Objectives for 2020 . July 26, 2010 . ... language, political …
Influencing Commercial Determinants of Health
allowing them to grow their profits, wealth and power, and contribute to poor health and inequity in communities. Resources: • The Lancet series on Commercial Determinants of Health • World …
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The political determinants of health We organized the conference and this special issue under the aegis of the Independent Panel on Global Governance for Health, which was set up as a …
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Political, economic, and health system determinants of tuberculosis incidence Ashley E. Rutherford1 & Lynn Unruh2 Received: 27 July 2018 /Accepted: 15 October 2018 /Published …
Commission on Social Determinants of Health FINAL REPORT …
through action on the social determinants of health : final report of the commission on social determinants of health. 1.Socioeconomic factors. 2.Health care rationing. 3.Health services …
Social determinants of Australia’s First Peoples’ health: A …
The ‘social’ in social determinants from First Peoples’ perspectives Cultural, historical and political determinants of First Peoples’ health Structural determinants and racism Multilevel …
Rwanda's Performance in Addressing Social Determinants of Health …
Political Declaration . i Abbreviations and acronyms AIDS Acquired Immunodeficiency Virus ART Antiretroviral Treatment ... emphasis on both quality of life and the determinants of health. This …
Social, political, commercial, and corporate determinants of rural ...
determinants of health (CorpDOH), and their interconnec-tion with social and political determinants of health that have been a growing focus for scholars (Millar,2013). The term …
Rio Political Declaration on Social Determinants of Health: A …
Rio Political DeclaRation on Social DeteRminantS of HealtH. CANADIAN INITIATIVES/TOOLS AT-A-GLANCE. Rio Political Declaration on Social Determinants of Health. A Snapshot of …
Integrating Social, Political and Commercial Determinants of Health ...
Political Determinants of Health (PDH). The political determinants of health involve the systematic process of structuring relationships, distributing resources, and administering power, operating …
Social determinants of health in countries in conflict
The WHO Global Commission on Social Determinants of Health was launched in 2005 with the aim of identifying and tackling the persistent and growing inequalities in health, both within and …
Assessing Political Determinants of Health
2 Aug 2022 · The political determinants of health –10 years on. BMJ2015;350:h81. What are Political Determinants of Health (PDOH)? “…the root causes of health and, thus, health …
T Health and Wellbeing Strategy 2024-2030 - Enfield Council
The wider determinants of health can influence the opportunities we have to make healthy choices.7 For example, income inequality increasingly prevents many people from accessing a …
Integrating social determinants of health in all public policies:
Integrating social determinants of health in all public policies: The case of health development in Botswana 1 1.Introduction Country profile Botswana is a landlocked country in southern Africa …
Psychosocial pathways and health outcomes: informing action on health …
environmental, economic, political and cultural factors) on health. Yet despite their significance, these pathways are often not explicitly recognised as an important part of the ... Wider …
COMMUNICATING THE ECONOMICS OF SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH AND HEALTH …
Determinants of Health and emphasized the need for “delivering equitable economic growth through resolute action on social determinants of health across ... If there is a political decision …
Rwanda's Performance in Addressing Social Determinants of Health …
Political Declaration . i Abbreviations and acronyms AIDS Acquired Immunodeficiency Virus ART Antiretroviral Treatment ... emphasis on both quality of life and the determinants of health. This …
A framework for NHS action on social determinants of health
determinants of health.1,2 Social determinants include income, employment, housing and other social factors, which interact to shape the conditions in which people live.3,4,5 These factors …
Defining and conceptualising the commercial determinants of health
on human and planetary health and social and health inequities. 9, 14–18. These complex and often negative links between the commercial sector and health are increasingly referred to as …
Social determinants of health - World Health Organization
Social determinants of health Report by the Secretariat 1. In May 2012, the Health Assembly in resolution WHA65.8 on the outcome of the World ... health in the five action areas of the Rio …
Psychosocial pathways and health outcomes: informing action on health …
environmental, economic, political and cultural factors) on health. Yet despite their significance, these pathways are often not explicitly recognised as an important part of the ... Wider …
Political Impacts On Health Care Delivery In Australia
In this book, Daniel E. Dawes argues that political determinants of health create the social drivers—including poor environmental conditions, inadequate transportation, unsafe …
Grenfell Tower fire: why we cannot ignore the political determinants …
Title: Grenfell Tower fire: why we cannot ignore the political determinants of health Author: Martin McKee Created Date: 20170630141236Z
The health-related determinants of politics - The Lancet
The health-related determinants of politics I was pleased to read Richard Horton’s Comment about populist politics.1 However, the problem of political populism and solution that he charts …
Political Impacts On Health Care Delivery In Australia
In this book, Daniel E. Dawes argues that political determinants of health create the social drivers—including poor environmental conditions, inadequate transportation, unsafe …
RIO POLITICAL DECLARATION ON SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH:
Political Declaration on Social Determinants of Health (Rio Declaration). The Declaration reflects a global commitment to address health inequities by acting on social, economic, environmental …
Social determinants of health - World Health Organization
6. The Rio Political Declaration on Social Determinants of Health was adopted during the World Conference on Social Determinants of Health in 2011. The Declaration expresses a global …
Reframing the impact of business on health: the interface of …
commercial, political and social determinants of health Connor Rochford, 1 Naveen Tenneti,2 Rob Moodie3 Commentary To cite: Rochford C, Tenneti N, Moodie R. Reframing the impact of …
The Lancet Series on Commercial Determinants of Health – …
Summary Report : The Lancet Series on Commercial Determinants of Health | 8 Political practices Supply chain and waste practices Labour and employment practices Financial practices …
EAC- Social Determinants of Health Educators Toolkit - NATA
2. Discuss successful strategies to implement social determinants of health into an athletic training curriculum. 3. Implement social determinants of health into your own curriculums. …
Evidence review: The social determinants of inequities in alcohol ...
The social determinants of inequities in alcohol consumption and alcohol-related health outcomes 5 Executive summary The National Centre for Education and Training on Addiction (NCETA), …
Social Determinants of Health How Social and Economic Factors Affect Health
4 Los Angeles County Department of Public Health How much do the different broad determinants of health contribute? One thoughtful recent effort, combin-ing the best recent research and …
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social determinants and health equity is good for business (American Hospital Association, 2020; Chin, 2016; KPMG Government Institute, 2018). The American Hospital Association (AHA), …
Analysing power and politics in health policies and systems
bal political determinants of health’ as the norms, policies, and practices that arise from global inter-actions among entities (states, transnational corporations, and civil society organisations, …
Social Determinants of Health: An Interdisciplinary Approach …
political-economic determinants of health and ill-ness. There is a danger that the book focuses too much on the most vulnerable and marginalised, as the social determinants approach highlights …
Social Determinants of Health and Disparities in Hypertension …
Social determinants of health (SDOHs) encompass socioeconomic, political, and environmental contexts, including neighborhood poverty and poor housing conditions, social policies and built …
How Social and Economic Factors Affect Health
4 Los Angeles County Department of Public Health How much do the different broad determinants of health contribute? One thoughtful recent effort, combin-ing the best recent research and …
Addressing social determinants of health in South Africa: the
Determinants of Health9 which, within the health field, represented a major evidence-based public shift in thinking, challenging purely biomedical notions of disease, and recognising instead the …
Philippines - World Health Organization
health services have improved, with more children living beyond infancy, a higher number of women delivering at health facilities and more ... social, economic and environmental …
Understanding Indigenous health inequalities through a social ...
influence Indigenous health at individual, community, and population levels. We begin with a brief overview of Indigenous health inequalities, followed by a description of social determinants …
Black Mothers Matter: The Social, Political and Legal Determinants …
that influence health. Exploring and exposing the . political determinants of health. allows us to move further upstream to analyze how systems structure relationships, distribute resources …
The social determinants of young people’s health - The Health …
quality of health of a population are known as the ‘social determinants of health’ For the purposes of this working paper, we suggest a consistent and straightforward conceptual framework …
