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| male beauty standards throughout history: The Culture of Male Beauty in Britain Paul R. Deslandes, 2021-12-20 A heavily illustrated history of two centuries of male beauty in British culture. Spanning the decades from the rise of photography to the age of the selfie, this book traces the complex visual and consumer cultures that shaped masculine beauty in Britain, examining the realms of advertising, health, pornography, psychology, sport, and celebrity culture. Paul R. Deslandes chronicles the shifting standards of male beauty in British culture—from the rising cult of the athlete to changing views on hairlessness—while connecting discussions of youth, fitness, and beauty to growing concerns about race, empire, and degeneracy. From earlier beauty show contestants and youth-obsessed artists, the book moves through the decades into considerations of disfigured soldiers, physique models, body-conscious gay men, and celebrities such as David Beckham and David Gandy who populate the worlds of television and social media. Deslandes calls on historians to take beauty and gendered aesthetics seriously while recasting how we think about the place of physical appearance in historical study, the intersection of different forms of high and popular culture, and what has been at stake for men in “looking good.” |
| male beauty standards throughout history: Behold the Man Edisol W. Dotson, 1999 Discussing examples in which both attractive men and women are idealized as the norm, Behold the Man argues that men are experiencing the same injustices as women - splashed on the covers of magazines and in advertisements, based on their sex appeal, sometimes to promote nothing more than their looks. Within this book, you'll find topics on how society portrays 'the ideal male' through advertisements for clothing, cologne, sunglasses, automobiles, and shaving products; how well-built males and their bodies are featured in movies, music videos, and literature; and how advertisers and authors faithfully follow the bigger is better theory - from pectoral and bicep muscles to penis size. Revealing how men alter their bodies by dieting and cosmetic surgery to achieve the look found in advertisements, this book also examines how today's growing number of male eating disorders are caused by the notion that only good-looking, muscular men are acceptable. |
| male beauty standards throughout history: Looking Good Lynne Luciano, 2002-01-09 Men once dreaded being accused of vanity, but now they are spending millions on fitness training, bodybuilding, hair replacement, and cosmetic surgery in the relentless pursuit of physical perfection. In this lively examination, Luciano explores what this new world reveals about American society today. |
| male beauty standards throughout history: Beauty and the Male Body in Byzantium M. Hatzaki, 2009-10-29 A neglected aspect of Byzantium, physical beauty appears as a quality with an unmistakable dark side, relating ambiguously to notions of power, goodness, evil, masculinity, effeminacy, life and death. Examined as an attribute of the human and, in particular, of the male body, this study of beauty refines our understanding of the Byzantine world. |
| male beauty standards throughout history: Roman Portraits Paul Zanker, 2016-11-14 Portrait sculptures are among the most vibrant records of ancient Greek and Roman culture. They represent people of all ages and social strata: revered poets and philosophers, emperors and their family members, military heroes, local dignitaries, ordinary citizens, and young children. The Met's distinguished collection of Greek and Roman portraits in stone and bronze is published in its entirety for the first time in this volume. Paul Zanker, a leading authority on Roman sculpture today, has brought his exceptional knowledge to the study of these portraits; in presenting them, he brings the ancient world to life for contemporary audiences. Each work is lavishly illustrated, meticulously described, and placed in its historical and cultural context. The lives and achievement of significant figures are discussed in the framework of the political, social, and practical circumstances that influenced their portrait's forms and styles—from the unvarnished realism of the late Republican period to the idealizing and progressively abstract tendencies that followed. Analyses of marble portraits recarved into new likenesses after their original subjects were forgotten or officially repudiated provide especially compelling insights. Observations on fashions in hairstyling, which typically originated with the Imperial family and spread as fast as the rulers' latest portraits could be distributed, not only edify and amuse but also link the Romans' motives and appetite for imitation to our own. More than a collection catalogue, Roman Portraits is a thorough and multifaceted survey of ancient portraiture. Charting the evolution of this art from its origins in ancient Greece, it renews our appreciation of an connection to these imposing, timeless works. |
| male beauty standards throughout history: Oxbridge Men Paul R. Deslandes, 2005-05-04 The mythic status of the Oxbridge man at the height of the British Empire continues to persist in depictions of this small, elite world as an ideal of athleticism, intellectualism, tradition, and ritual. In his investigation of the origins of this myth, Paul R. Deslandes explores the everyday life of undergraduates at Oxford and Cambridge to examine how they experienced manhood. He considers phenomena such as the dynamics of the junior common room, the competition of exams, and the social and athletic obligations of intercollegiate boat races to show how rituals, activities, relationships, and discourses all contributed to gender formation. Casting light on the lived experience of undergraduates, Oxbridge Men shows how an influential brand of British manliness was embraced, altered, and occasionally rejected as these students grew from boys into men. |
| male beauty standards throughout history: Women with Mustaches and Men Without Beards Afsaneh Najmabadi, 2005-04-25 This book is groundbreaking, at once highly original, courageous, and moving. It is sure to have a tremendous impact in Iranian studies, modern Middle East history, and the history of gender and sexuality.—Beth Baron, author of Egypt as a Woman This is an extraordinary book. It rereads the story of Iranian modernity through the lens of gender and sexuality in ways that no other scholars have done.—Joan W. Scott, author of Gender and the Politics of History |
| male beauty standards throughout history: Beauty and the Norm Claudia Liebelt, Sarah Böllinger, Ulf Vierke, 2018-08-24 Recent decades have seen the rise of a global beauty boom, with profound effects on perceptions of bodies worldwide. Against this background, Beauty and the Norm assembles ethnographic and conceptual approaches from a variety of disciplines and across the globe to debate standardization in bodily appearance. Its contributions range from empirical research to exploratory conversations between scholars and personal reflections. Bridging hitherto separate debates in critical beauty studies, cultural anthropology, sociology, the history of science, disability studies, gender studies, and critical race studies, this volume reflects upon the gendered, classed, and racialized body, normative regimes of representation, and the global beauty economy. |
| male beauty standards throughout history: The Evolution of Beauty Richard O. Prum, 2017-05-09 A FINALIST FOR THE PULITZER PRIZE NAMED A BEST BOOK OF THE YEAR BY THE NEW YORK TIMES BOOK REVIEW, SMITHSONIAN, AND WALL STREET JOURNAL A major reimagining of how evolutionary forces work, revealing how mating preferences—what Darwin termed the taste for the beautiful—create the extraordinary range of ornament in the animal world. In the great halls of science, dogma holds that Darwin's theory of natural selection explains every branch on the tree of life: which species thrive, which wither away to extinction, and what features each evolves. But can adaptation by natural selection really account for everything we see in nature? Yale University ornithologist Richard Prum—reviving Darwin's own views—thinks not. Deep in tropical jungles around the world are birds with a dizzying array of appearances and mating displays: Club-winged Manakins who sing with their wings, Great Argus Pheasants who dazzle prospective mates with a four-foot-wide cone of feathers covered in golden 3D spheres, Red-capped Manakins who moonwalk. In thirty years of fieldwork, Prum has seen numerous display traits that seem disconnected from, if not outright contrary to, selection for individual survival. To explain this, he dusts off Darwin's long-neglected theory of sexual selection in which the act of choosing a mate for purely aesthetic reasons—for the mere pleasure of it—is an independent engine of evolutionary change. Mate choice can drive ornamental traits from the constraints of adaptive evolution, allowing them to grow ever more elaborate. It also sets the stakes for sexual conflict, in which the sexual autonomy of the female evolves in response to male sexual control. Most crucially, this framework provides important insights into the evolution of human sexuality, particularly the ways in which female preferences have changed male bodies, and even maleness itself, through evolutionary time. The Evolution of Beauty presents a unique scientific vision for how nature's splendor contributes to a more complete understanding of evolution and of ourselves. |
| male beauty standards throughout history: Consumptive Chic Carolyn A. Day, 2017-10-05 During the late 18th and early 19th centuries, there was a tubercular 'moment' in which perceptions of the consumptive disease became inextricably tied to contemporary concepts of beauty, playing out in the clothing fashions of the day. With the ravages of the illness widely regarded as conferring beauty on the sufferer, it became commonplace to regard tuberculosis as a positive affliction, one to be emulated in both beauty practices and dress. While medical writers of the time believed that the fashionable way of life of many women actually rendered them susceptible to the disease, Carolyn A. Day investigates the deliberate and widespread flouting of admonitions against these fashion practices in the pursuit of beauty. Through an exploration of contemporary social trends and medical advice revealed in medical writing, literature and personal papers, Consumptive Chic uncovers the intimate relationship between fashionable women's clothing, and medical understandings of the illness. Illustrated with over 40 full color fashion plates, caricatures, medical images, and photographs of original garments, this is a compelling story of the intimate relationship between the body, beauty, and disease - and the rise of 'tubercular chic'. |
| male beauty standards throughout history: The Male Body Susan Bordo, 2000-07-15 In this candid analysis, Susan Bordo speaks to men and women alike, scrutinising the images and experience of everyday life. She takes a frank, tender look at her own father's body and goes on to analyse the presentation of maleness in wider society. |
| male beauty standards throughout history: Of Beasts and Beauty Michael Edward Stanfield, 2013-08-15 All societies around the world and through time value beauty highly. Tracing the evolutions of the Colombian standards of beauty since 1845, Michael Edward Stanfield explores their significance to and symbiotic relationship with violence and inequality in the country. Arguing that beauty holds not only social power but also economic and political power, he positions it as a pacific and inclusive influence in a country “ripped apart by violence, private armies, seizures of land, and abuse of governmental authority, one hoping that female beauty could save it from the ravages of the male beast.” One specific means of obscuring those harsh realities is the beauty pageant, of which Colombia has over 300 per year. Stanfield investigates the ways in which these pageants reveal the effects of European modernity and notions of ethnicity on Colombian women, and how beauty for Colombians has become an external representation of order and morality that can counter the pathological effects of violence, inequality, and exclusion in their country. |
| male beauty standards throughout history: The Book of Divine Works St. Hildegard of Bingen, 2018-10-16 Completed in 1173, The Book of Divine Works (Liber Divinorum Operum) is the culmination of the Visionary’s Doctor’s theological project, offered here for the first time in a complete and scholarly English translation. The first part explores the intricate physical and spiritual relationships between the cosmos and the human person, with the famous image of the universal Man standing astride the cosmic spheres. The second part examines the rewards for virtue and the punishments for vice, mapped onto a geography of purgatory, hellmouth, and the road to the heavenly city. At the end of each Hildegard writes extensive commentaries on the Prologue to John’s Gospel (Part 1) and the first chapter of Genesis (Part 2)—the only premodern woman to have done so. Finally, the third part tells the history of salvation, imagined as the City of God standing next to the mountain of God’s foreknowledge, with Divine Love reigning over all. |
| male beauty standards throughout history: The New Beauty Kari Molvar, gestalten, 2021-04-13 Modern Beauty explores this shift from historical, scientific and journalistic perspectives, in a title that will not only appeal to industry insiders, but also to all those readers with an interest in feeling well in their own skin - and letting the world know. |
| male beauty standards throughout history: The Beauty Myth Naomi Wolf, 2009-03-17 The bestselling classic that redefined our view of the relationship between beauty and female identity. In today's world, women have more power, legal recognition, and professional success than ever before. Alongside the evident progress of the women's movement, however, writer and journalist Naomi Wolf is troubled by a different kind of social control, which, she argues, may prove just as restrictive as the traditional image of homemaker and wife. It's the beauty myth, an obsession with physical perfection that traps the modern woman in an endless spiral of hope, self-consciousness, and self-hatred as she tries to fulfill society's impossible definition of the flawless beauty. |
| male beauty standards throughout history: The Cult of Health and Beauty in Germany Michael Hau, 2003-04-15 From the 1890s to the 1930s, a growing number of Germans began to scrutinize and discipline their bodies in a utopian search for perfect health and beauty. Some became vegetarians, nudists, or bodybuilders, while others turned to alternative medicine or eugenics. In The Cult of Health and Beauty in Germany, Michael Hau demonstrates why so many men and women were drawn to these life reform movements and examines their tremendous impact on German society and medicine. Hau argues that the obsession with personal health and fitness was often rooted in anxieties over professional and economic success, as well as fears that modern industrialized civilization was causing Germany and its people to degenerate. He also examines how different social groups gave different meanings to the same hygienic practices and aesthetic ideals. What results is a penetrating look at class formation in pre-Nazi Germany that will interest historians of Europe and medicine and scholars of culture and gender. |
| male beauty standards throughout history: The Adonis Complex Harrison Pope, Katharine A. Phillips, Roberto Olivardia, 2000 Growing numbers of young men are taking the quest for perfect muscles, skin and hair too far, crossing the line from normal interest to pathological obsession. For the first time, three of the world's leading authorities on men help us to understand and combat the frightening set of compulsive behaviours that make up the Adonis Complex. Combining colourful case studies with scientific research, they reveal a threat that is as serious as the beauty myth for women or anorexia nervosa for girls. The symptoms of this dangerous body obsession, excessive workouts, steroid abuse, eating disorders and body and muscle dysmorphic disorder (distorted body perception), lead to problems with sex and intimacy, relationships and work. In teenagers, the Adonis Complex can interfere with healthy emotional and physical development. Until now, frank discussion of this problem has been virtually taboo. At last we can hear what men really think and feel about their bodies, so that those who suffer in silence will no longer need to suffer alone. |
| male beauty standards throughout history: Perfect Me Heather Widdows, 2020-02-25 How looking beautiful has become a moral imperative in today's worldThe demand to be beautiful is increasingly important in today's visual and virtual culture. Rightly or wrongly, being perfect has become an ethical ideal to live by, and according to which we judge ourselves good or bad, a success or a failure. Perfect Me explores the changing nature of the beauty ideal, showing how it is more dominant, more demanding, and more global than ever before.Heather Widdows argues that our perception of the self is changing. More and more, we locate the self in the body--not just our actual, flawed bodies but our transforming and imagined ones. As this happens, we further embrace the beauty ideal. Nobody is firm enough, thin enough, smooth enough, or buff enough-not without significant effort and cosmetic intervention. And as more demanding practices become the norm, more will be required of us, and the beauty ideal will be harder and harder to resist.If you have ever felt the urge to make the best of yourself or worried that you were letting yourself go, this book explains why. Perfect Me examines how the beauty ideal has come to define how we see ourselves and others and how we structure our daily practices-and how it enthralls us with promises of the good life that are dubious at best. Perfect Me demonstrates that we must first recognize the ethical nature of the beauty ideal if we are ever to address its harms. |
| male beauty standards throughout history: Art of the Classical World in the Metropolitan Museum of Art Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York, N.Y.), Carlos A. Picón, Richard Daniel De Puma, 2007 A history of the Department of Greek and Roman art -- Floor plan of the galleries of the Department of Greek and Roman art -- Art of the Neolithic and the Aegean bronze age : ca. 6000- B.C. -- Art of geometric and archaic Greece : ca. 1050-480 B.C. -- Art of classical Greece : ca. 480-323 B.C. -- Art of the Hellenistic Age : ca. 323-31 B.C. -- Art of Cyprus : ca. 3900 B.C.-ca. A.D. 100 -- Art of Etruria : ca. 900-100 B.C. -- Art of the Roman Empire : ca. 31 B.C.-A.D. 330 -- Notes on the works of art : Art of the Neolithic and the Aegean bronze age -- Art of geometric and archaic Greece -- Art of classical Greece -- Art of the Hellenistic age -- Art of Cyprus -- Art of Etruria -- Art of the Roman Empire -- Concordance -- Index of works of art |
| male beauty standards throughout history: Murder in Italy Candace Dempsey, 2010-04-27 The true story behind the notorious international murder--updated to cover Amanda Knox's acquittal. In Perugia, Italy, on November 2, 2007, police discovered the body of a British college student stabbed to death in her bedroom. The prosecutor alleged that the brutal murder had occurred during a drug-fueled sex game gone wrong. Her housemate, American honor student Amanda Knox, quickly became the prime suspect and soon found herself the star of a sensational international story, both vilified and eroticized by the tabloids and the Internet. Award-winning journalist Candace Dempsey gives readers a front-row seat at the trial and reveals the real story behind the media frenzy. Beautifully researched, well-written, and clearly organized. Dempsey was the first journalist in the United States to raise questions about the Amanda Knox case, and the first to look deeply into the facts and begin to uncover the shocking truth. If you want to know the real story . you must read this book, reprinted after Knox's acquittal with a new ending.-Douglas Preston, New York Times bestselling author (with Mario Spezi) of The Monster of Florence |
| male beauty standards throughout history: Technologies of Gender Teresa de Lauretis, 1987-11-22 Technologies of Gender builds a bridge between the fashionable orthodoxies of academic theory (Lacan, Foucault, Derrida, et al.) and the frequently-marginalized contributions of feminist theory. . . . In sum, de Lauretis has written a book that should be required reading for every feminist in need of theoretical ammunition—and for every theorist in need of feminist enlightenment. —B. Ruby Rich . . . sets philosophical ideas humming. . . . she has much to say. —Cineaste I can think of no other work that pushes the debate on the female subject forward with such passion and intellectual rigor. —SubStance This book addresses the question of gender in poststructuralist theoretical discourse, postmodern fiction, and women's cinema. It examines the construction of gender both as representation and as self-representation in relation to several kinds of texts and argues that feminism is producing a radical rewriting, as well as a rereading, of the dominant forms of Western culture. |
| male beauty standards throughout history: Beauty and Misogyny Sheila Jeffreys, 2005-05-31 Should western beauty practices, ranging from lipstick to labiaplasty, be included within the United Nations understandings of harmful traditional/cultural practices? By examining the role of common beauty practices in damaging the health of women, creating sexual difference, and enforcing female deference, this book argues that they should. In the 1970s feminists criticized pervasive beauty regimes such as dieting and depilation, but some ‘new’ feminists argue that beauty practices are no longer oppressive now that women can ‘choose’ them. However, in the last two decades the brutality of western beauty practices seems to have become much more severe, requiring the breaking of skin, spilling of blood and rearrangement or amputation of body parts. Beauty and Misogyny seeks to make sense of why beauty practices are not only just as persistent, but in many ways more extreme. It examines the pervasive use of makeup, the misogyny of fashion and high-heeled shoes, and looks at the role of pornography in the creation of increasingly popular beauty practices such as breast implants, genital waxing and surgical alteration of the labia. It looks at the cosmetic surgery and body piercing/cutting industries as being forms of self-mutilation by proxy, in which the surgeons and piercers serve as proxies to harm women’s bodies, and concludes by considering how a culture of resistance to these practices can be created. This essential work will appeal to students and teachers of feminist psychology, gender studies, cultural studies, and feminist sociology at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels, and to anyone with an interest in feminism, women and beauty, and women’s health. |
| male beauty standards throughout history: The Body Beautiful V. Swami, A. Furnham, 2007-11-30 In this volume, contributors from a range of perspectives - evolutionary psychology to anthropology, sociology to cognitive and motivational psychology - explore questions of what our attractiveness preferences are and why we find certain others physically attractive, offering a fresh perspective to understanding the perception of attractiveness. |
| male beauty standards throughout history: Beauty Matters Peg Zeglin Brand, 2000-05-22 Beauty has captured human interest since before Plato, but how, why, and to whom does beauty matter in today's world? Whose standard of beauty motivates African Americans to straighten their hair? What inspires beauty queens to measure up as flawless objects for the male gaze? Why does a French performance artist use cosmetic surgery to remake her face into a composite of the master painters' version of beauty? How does beauty culture perceive the disabled body? Is the constant effort to remain young and thin, often at considerable economic and emotional expense, ethically justifiable? Provocative essays by an international group of scholars discuss aesthetics in aesthetics, the arts, the tools of fashion, the materials of decoration, and the big business of beautification—beauty matters—to reveal the ways gender, race, and sexual orientation have informed the concept of beauty and driven us to become more beautiful. Here, Kant rubs shoulders with Calvin Klein. Beauty Matters draws from visual art, dance, cultural history, and literary and feminist theory to explore the values and politics of beauty. Various philosophical perspectives on ethics and aesthetics emerge from this penetrating book to determine and reveal that beauty is never disinterested. |
| male beauty standards throughout history: Eve's Glossary Marquise de Fontenoy (pseud.), 1897 |
| male beauty standards throughout history: Inventing Beauty Teresa Riordan, 2004 Examines some of the early inventions and innovations used by women in their quest for beauty including bustles and brassieres, makeup to enhance the eyes and lips, treatments for the body and hair, and ways to flatter the hips and derriere. |
| male beauty standards throughout history: Pretty Boys David Yi, 2021-06-22 In this inclusive, illustrated history and guide to skin care and beauty, journalist and founder of Very Good Light David Yi teaches us that self-care, wellness, and feeling beautiful transcends time, boundaries, and binaries—and that pretty boys can change the world Chanel and Goop might have seemed ahead of the curve when they launched their men’s beauty and wellness lines, but pharaohs were exfoliating, moisturizing, and masking eons earlier. Thousands of years before Harry Styles strutted down the red carpet with multicolored fingernails, Babylonian army officials had their own personal manicure sets. And BTS might have become an international sensation for their smoky eyes and perfect pouts, but the Korean Hwarang warriors who put on a full face before battle preceded them by centuries. Pretty Boys unearths diverse and surprising beauty icons who have redefined what masculinity and gender expression look like throughout history, to empower us to live and look our truths. Whether you're brand new to beauty, or you already have a ten-step routine, Pretty Boys will inspire and teach you how to find your best self through tutorials, beauty secrets, and advice from the biggest names in the beauty industry, Hollywood, and social media. From Frank Ocean’s skin-care routine to Clark Gable’s perfectly styled hair, Rami Malek’s subtle eyeliner to a face beat to the gods à la Boy George or Kimchi the drag queen, K-Beauty to clean beauty, Pretty Boys will completely change the way we all see gender expression and identity. |
| male beauty standards throughout history: Exploring the Middle Ages , 2006 Presents a comprehensive, illustrated reference of the period in world history known as the Middle Ages, encompassing both the Eastern and Western hemispheres. |
| male beauty standards throughout history: Beauty Imagined Geoffrey Jones, 2010-02-25 The global beauty business permeates our lives, influencing how we perceive ourselves and what it is to be beautiful. The brands and firms which have shaped this industry, such as Avon, Coty, Estée Lauder, L'Oréal, and Shiseido, have imagined beauty for us. This book provides the first authoritative history of the global beauty industry from its emergence in the nineteenth century to the present day, exploring how today's global giants grew. It shows how successive generations of entrepreneurs built brands which shaped perceptions of beauty, and the business organizations needed to market them. They democratized access to beauty products, once the privilege of elites, but they also defined the gender and ethnic borders of beauty, and its association with a handful of cities, notably Paris and later New York. The result was a homogenization of beauty ideals throughout the world. Today globalization is changing the beauty industry again; its impact can be seen in a range of competing strategies. Global brands have swept into China, Russia, and India, but at the same time, these brands are having to respond to a far greater diversity of cultures and lifestyles as new markets are opened up worldwide. In the twenty first century, beauty is again being re-imagined anew. |
| male beauty standards throughout history: The Culture of Male Beauty in Britain Paul R. Deslandes, 2021-12-20 Setting the Stage: The Foundations of Modern Male Beauty -- Physiognomists and Photographers -- Beauty Experts and Hairdressing Entrepreneurs -- Artists, Athletes, and Celebrities -- Poets, Soldiers, and Monuments -- Men on Display in the Twentieth and Twenty-First Centuries -- Brylcreem Men, Cinema Idols, and Uniforms -- Teenagers, Bodybuilders, and Models -- Youthful Rebels, Gender-Benders, and Gay Men -- Insecure Men, Metrosexuals, and Spornosexuals. |
| male beauty standards throughout history: The Arts of Beauty, Or, Secrets of a Lady's Toilet Lola Montez, 1858 This advice book to women details rules of hygiene and beauty and reflects the values placed on maintaining the image of the lady. |
| male beauty standards throughout history: Catechism of the Catholic Church U.S. Catholic Church, 2012-11-28 Over 3 million copies sold! Essential reading for Catholics of all walks of life. Here it is - the first new Catechism of the Catholic Church in more than 400 years, a complete summary of what Catholics around the world commonly believe. The Catechism draws on the Bible, the Mass, the Sacraments, Church tradition and teaching, and the lives of saints. It comes with a complete index, footnotes and cross-references for a fuller understanding of every subject. The word catechism means instruction - this book will serve as the standard for all future catechisms. Using the tradition of explaining what the Church believes (the Creed), what she celebrates (the Sacraments), what she lives (the Commandments), and what she prays (the Lord's Prayer), the Catechism of the Catholic Church offers challenges for believers and answers for all those interested in learning about the mystery of the Catholic faith. The Catechism of the Catholic Church is a positive, coherent and contemporary map for our spiritual journey toward transformation. |
| male beauty standards throughout history: The Mirror of the Self Shadi Bartsch, 2006-07-03 People in the ancient world thought of vision as both an ethical tool and a tactile sense, akin to touch. Gazing upon someone—or oneself—was treated as a path to philosophical self-knowledge, but the question of tactility introduced an erotic element as well. In The Mirror of the Self, Shadi Bartsch asserts that these links among vision, sexuality, and self-knowledge are key to the classical understanding of the self. Weaving together literary theory, philosophy, and social history, Bartsch traces this complex notion of self from Plato’s Greece to Seneca’s Rome. She starts by showing how ancient authors envisioned the mirror as both a tool for ethical self-improvement and, paradoxically, a sign of erotic self-indulgence. Her reading of the Phaedrus, for example, demonstrates that the mirroring gaze in Plato, because of its sexual possibilities, could not be adopted by Roman philosophers and their students. Bartsch goes on to examine the Roman treatment of the ethical and sexual gaze, and she traces how self-knowledge, the philosopher’s body, and the performance of virtue all played a role in shaping the Roman understanding of the nature of selfhood. Culminating in a profoundly original reading of Medea, The Mirror of the Self illustrates how Seneca, in his Stoic quest for self-knowledge, embodies the Roman view, marking a new point in human thought about self-perception. Bartsch leads readers on a journey that unveils divided selves, moral hypocrisy, and lustful Stoics—and offers fresh insights about seminal works. At once sexy and philosophical, The Mirror of the Self will be required reading for classicists, philosophers, and anthropologists alike. |
| male beauty standards throughout history: ROAR Stacy T. Sims, PhD, Selene Yeager, 2016-07-05 “Dr. Sims realizes that female athletes are different than male athletes and you can’t set your race schedule around your monthly cycle. ROAR will help every athlete understand what is happening to her body and what the best nutritional strategy is to perform at her very best.”—Evie Stevens, Olympian, professional road cyclist, and current women’s UCI Hour record holder Women are not small men. Stop eating and training like one. Because most nutrition products and training plans are designed for men, it’s no wonder that so many female athletes struggle to reach their full potential. ROAR is a comprehensive, physiology-based nutrition and training guide specifically designed for active women. This book teaches you everything you need to know to adapt your nutrition, hydration, and training to your unique physiology so you can work with, rather than against, your female physiology. Exercise physiologist and nutrition scientist Stacy T. Sims, PhD, shows you how to be your own biohacker to achieve optimum athletic performance. Complete with goal-specific meal plans and nutrient-packed recipes to optimize body composition, ROAR contains personalized nutrition advice for all stages of training and recovery. Customizable meal plans and strengthening exercises come together in a comprehensive plan to build a rock-solid fitness foundation as you build lean muscle where you need it most, strengthen bone, and boost power and endurance. Because women’s physiology changes over time, entire chapters are devoted to staying strong and active through pregnancy and menopause. No matter what your sport is—running, cycling, field sports, triathlons—this book will empower you with the nutrition and fitness knowledge you need to be in the healthiest, fittest, strongest shape of your life. |
| male beauty standards throughout history: Male Beauty Kenneth Krauss, 2014-03-27 In the decades that followed World War II, Americans searched for and often founds signs of a new masculinity that was younger, sensitive, and sexually ambivalent. Male Beauty examines the theater, film, and magazines of the time in order to illuminate how each one put forward a version of male gendering that deliberately contrasted, and often clashed with, previous constructs. This new postwar masculinity was in large part a product of the war itself. The need to include those males who fought the war as men—many of whom were far younger than what traditional male gender definitions would accept as manly—extended the range of what could and should be thought of as masculine. Kenneth Krauss adds to this analysis one of the first in-depth examinations of how males who were sexually attracted to other males discovered this emerging concept of manliness via physique magazines. |
| male beauty standards throughout history: Concerning Beards Alun Withey, 2022-08-25 Through an exploration of the history of male facial hair in England, Alun Withey underscores its complex meanings, medical implications and socio-cultural significance from the mid-17th to the early 20th century. Withey charts the gradual shift in concepts of facial hair, and shaving - away from 'formal' medicine and practice - towards new concepts of hygiene and personal grooming-- |
| male beauty standards throughout history: Survival of the Prettiest Nancy Etcoff, 2011-02-02 A provocative and thoroughly researched inquiry into what we find beautiful and why, skewering the myth that the pursuit of beauty is a learned behavior. In Survival of the Prettiest, Nancy Etcoff, a faculty member at Harvard Medical School and a practicing psychologist at Massachusetts General Hospital, argues that beauty is neither a cultural construction, an invention of the fashion industry, nor a backlash against feminism—it’s in our biology. Beauty, she explains, is an essential and ineradicable part of human nature that is revered and ferociously pursued in nearly every civilization—and for good reason. Those features to which we are most attracted are often signals of fertility and fecundity. When seen in the context of a Darwinian struggle for survival, our sometimes extreme attempts to attain beauty—both to become beautiful ourselves and to acquire an attractive partner—suddenly become much more understandable. Moreover, if we understand how the desire for beauty is innate, then we can begin to work in our own interests, and not just the interests of our genetic tendencies. |
| male beauty standards throughout history: Terrible Magnificent Sociology Wade, Lisa, 2021-12-15 Using engaging stories and a diverse cast of characters, Lisa Wade memorably delivers what C. Wright Mills described as both the terrible and the magnificent lessons of sociology. With chapters that build upon one another, Terrible Magnificent Sociology represents a new kind of introduction to sociology. Recognizing the many statuses students carry, Wade goes beyond race, class, and gender, considering inequalities of all kindsÑand their intersections. She also highlights the remarkable diversity of sociology, not only of its methods and approaches but also of the scholars themselves, emphasizing the contributions of women, immigrants, and people of color. The book ends with an inspiring call to action, urging students to use their sociological imaginations to improve the world in which they live. |
| male beauty standards throughout history: The Great Mental Models, Volume 1 Shane Parrish, Rhiannon Beaubien, 2024-10-15 Discover the essential thinking tools you’ve been missing with The Great Mental Models series by Shane Parrish, New York Times bestselling author and the mind behind the acclaimed Farnam Street blog and “The Knowledge Project” podcast. This first book in the series is your guide to learning the crucial thinking tools nobody ever taught you. Time and time again, great thinkers such as Charlie Munger and Warren Buffett have credited their success to mental models–representations of how something works that can scale onto other fields. Mastering a small number of mental models enables you to rapidly grasp new information, identify patterns others miss, and avoid the common mistakes that hold people back. The Great Mental Models: Volume 1, General Thinking Concepts shows you how making a few tiny changes in the way you think can deliver big results. Drawing on examples from history, business, art, and science, this book details nine of the most versatile, all-purpose mental models you can use right away to improve your decision making and productivity. This book will teach you how to: Avoid blind spots when looking at problems. Find non-obvious solutions. Anticipate and achieve desired outcomes. Play to your strengths, avoid your weaknesses, … and more. The Great Mental Models series demystifies once elusive concepts and illuminates rich knowledge that traditional education overlooks. This series is the most comprehensive and accessible guide on using mental models to better understand our world, solve problems, and gain an advantage. |
| male beauty standards throughout history: Defining Beauty Ian Dennis Jenkins, Celeste Farge, Victoria Turner, 2015 Greek sculpture is full of breathing vitality and yet, at the same time, it reaches beyond mere imitation of nature to give form to thought in works of timeless beauty. For over 2000 years the Greeks experimented with representing the human body in works that range from prehistoric abstract simplicity to the full-blown realism of the age of Alexander the Great. The ancient Greeks invented the modern idea of the human body in art as an object of sensory delight and as a bearer of meaning. Their vision has had a profound influence on the way the western world sees itself. Drawing on the British Museum's outstanding collection of Greek sculpture - including extraordinary pieces from the Parthenon and the celebrated representation of a discus thrower - and through a number of themed sections, this richly illustrated book explores the Greek portrayal of human character in sculpture, along with sexual and social identity. In athletics, the male body was displayed as if it was a living sculpture, and victors were commemorated by actual statues. In art, not only were mortal men and women represented in human form but also the gods and other beings of myth and the supernatural world. In a series of lively introductory chapters, written by a selection of academics, historians and artists, it is revealed how the Greeks themselves viewed the sculpture (which was vividly enhanced with colour), and how it was regarded and treated in later pagan antiquity. The revival of the Greek body in the modern era is also discussed, including the shock of the new effect of the arrival of the Parthenon sculptures in London at the beginning of the nineteenth century. |
Male Beauty Standards Throughout History (PDF)
Male beauty standards throughout history: A journey through the shifting ideals of masculinity. From the sculpted physiques of ancient Greece to the modern emphasis on emotional intelligence, male beauty standards have been in constant flux, reflecting the values and …
Male Beauty Standards Throughout History (Download Only)
culture Paul R Deslandes chronicles the shifting standards of male beauty in British culture from the rising cult of the athlete to changing views on hairlessness while connecting discussions of …
The History Of Beauty Standards - mathiasdahlgren.se
The history of beauty standards reveals a continuous cycle of change, reflecting societal values and technological progress. While the pursuit of beauty remains a fundamental aspect of …
History Of Beauty Standards (PDF) - netsec.csuci.edu
History Of Beauty Standards history of beauty standards: Consumptive Chic Carolyn A. Day, 2017-10-05 During the late 18th and early 19th centuries, there was a tubercular 'moment' in …
Male Beauty Standards Throughout History (2023) ; oldshop.whitney
Tracing the evolutions of the Colombian standards of beauty since 1845, Michael Edward Stanfield explores their significance to and symbiotic relationship with violence and inequality …
JOURNAL OF ENGLISH STUDIES – vol. 22 (2024): 89-110. http
external criticism, beauty culture carves its way into each of her characters and takes on different costumes. In her article, Cardona quotes Naomi Wolf and highlights that the beauty myth “is …
On beauty: Ancient perceptions of beauty from classical Greece to ...
Depictions of beauty varied throughout Greco-Roman history. In the Classical period of Greece, beauty was seen in terms of masculine proportions and portrayals of modesty. The Hellenistic …
Male Beauty Standards Throughout History - dev.mabts.edu
interrogate male beauty through the female gaze and look to the influence of female performance on notions of masculine beauty. Others examine how queer and racial …
Male Beauty Standards Throughout History (Download Only)
What are Male Beauty Standards Throughout History audiobooks, and where can I find them? Audiobooks: Audio recordings of books, perfect for listening while commuting or multitasking.
Masculinity, Appearance, and Sexuality: Dandies in Roman …
The dandy, however, is a recurring figure throughout fashion history. While this is not easily explained, Adrian Horn notes that Teddy boys, the distinctive and flamboyant male youth …
In The Flesh The Cultural Politics Of Body Modification (PDF)
throughout history and in modern culture, and the future of body piercing The Piercing Bible, Revised and Expanded, includes essential medical and technical updates, as well as …
INSTAWORTHY: UNRAVELING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN …
me believe in myself. This work is also for all women who feel the weight of society s beauty standards. Remember, you are so much more than your outward appearance you carry a spirit …
The Black Death Source Pack - Durham University
Dr Alex Brown, Associate Professor, History Department, 43 North Bailey, Durham, DH1 3EX I say, then, that the sum of thirteen hundred and forty-eight years had elapsed since the fruitful …
Play Like a Girl: An Analysis of Media Representation of ... - Geneseo
sports. The attempts of women throughout history to overcome the bounds of hegemonic masculinity have been aggressively shut down by those in power. Female athletes have …
Beauty Ideals & Body Image in Suva, Fiji
past is the emergence of a new body ideal and different beauty standards. In this research project, connections will be made between the past and present in regards to body and beauty …
Identites of Women in Indian Art and History - Loyola Marymount …
Women in History . Goddess worship was also instrumental in understanding how men look upon women. In ancient India, women were given a high status in society and provided with …
The Cinderella Tale: Oral, Literary, and Film Traditions
Illustrations are significant to the history of any tale; illustrations are important to the history of Cinderella. “Illustrations almost invariably determine the setting of a tale and the nature or …
Elements And Principles Of Design Worksheet [PDF]
essence of beauty and the transformative power of beautiful design In this groundbreaking highly visual book, world-renowned designers Stefan Sagmeister and Jessica Walsh set out on a …
Settling the Sexual Dust: Portrayals and Restrictions of Female ...
that the vagina has been misunderstood throughout history. 20. After reading Jane Gerhard’s book on Judy Chicago’s “The Dinner Party,” and having the pleasure of discussing it with her …
Queer For Fear The History Of Queer Horror - netsec.csuci.edu
Director, In Place of War 'United Queerdom is a thing of beauty. Dan Glass has penned a memoir that pulsates with existential rage, solidarity, and tactical hope.’ Amin Ghaziani, author of …
Male Beauty Standards Throughout History (PDF)
Male beauty standards throughout history: A journey through the shifting ideals of masculinity. From the sculpted physiques of ancient Greece to the modern emphasis on emotional …
Male Beauty Standards Throughout History (Download Only)
culture Paul R Deslandes chronicles the shifting standards of male beauty in British culture from the rising cult of the athlete to changing views on hairlessness while connecting discussions of …
The History Of Beauty Standards - mathiasdahlgren.se
The history of beauty standards reveals a continuous cycle of change, reflecting societal values and technological progress. While the pursuit of beauty remains a fundamental aspect of …
History Of Beauty Standards (PDF) - netsec.csuci.edu
History Of Beauty Standards history of beauty standards: Consumptive Chic Carolyn A. Day, 2017-10-05 During the late 18th and early 19th centuries, there was a tubercular 'moment' in …
Male Beauty Standards Throughout History (2023) ; …
Tracing the evolutions of the Colombian standards of beauty since 1845, Michael Edward Stanfield explores their significance to and symbiotic relationship with violence and inequality …
JOURNAL OF ENGLISH STUDIES – vol. 22 (2024): 89-110. http
external criticism, beauty culture carves its way into each of her characters and takes on different costumes. In her article, Cardona quotes Naomi Wolf and highlights that the beauty myth “is …
On beauty: Ancient perceptions of beauty from classical …
Depictions of beauty varied throughout Greco-Roman history. In the Classical period of Greece, beauty was seen in terms of masculine proportions and portrayals of modesty. The Hellenistic …
Male Beauty Standards Throughout History - dev.mabts.edu
interrogate male beauty through the female gaze and look to the influence of female performance on notions of masculine beauty. Others examine how queer and racial …
Male Beauty Standards Throughout History (Download Only)
What are Male Beauty Standards Throughout History audiobooks, and where can I find them? Audiobooks: Audio recordings of books, perfect for listening while commuting or multitasking.
Masculinity, Appearance, and Sexuality: Dandies in Roman …
The dandy, however, is a recurring figure throughout fashion history. While this is not easily explained, Adrian Horn notes that Teddy boys, the distinctive and flamboyant male youth …
In The Flesh The Cultural Politics Of Body Modification (PDF)
throughout history and in modern culture, and the future of body piercing The Piercing Bible, Revised and Expanded, includes essential medical and technical updates, as well as …
INSTAWORTHY: UNRAVELING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN …
me believe in myself. This work is also for all women who feel the weight of society s beauty standards. Remember, you are so much more than your outward appearance you carry a spirit …
The Black Death Source Pack - Durham University
Dr Alex Brown, Associate Professor, History Department, 43 North Bailey, Durham, DH1 3EX I say, then, that the sum of thirteen hundred and forty-eight years had elapsed since the fruitful …
Play Like a Girl: An Analysis of Media Representation of ... - Geneseo
sports. The attempts of women throughout history to overcome the bounds of hegemonic masculinity have been aggressively shut down by those in power. Female athletes have …
Beauty Ideals & Body Image in Suva, Fiji
past is the emergence of a new body ideal and different beauty standards. In this research project, connections will be made between the past and present in regards to body and beauty …
Identites of Women in Indian Art and History - Loyola Marymount …
Women in History . Goddess worship was also instrumental in understanding how men look upon women. In ancient India, women were given a high status in society and provided with …
The Cinderella Tale: Oral, Literary, and Film Traditions
Illustrations are significant to the history of any tale; illustrations are important to the history of Cinderella. “Illustrations almost invariably determine the setting of a tale and the nature or …
Elements And Principles Of Design Worksheet [PDF]
essence of beauty and the transformative power of beautiful design In this groundbreaking highly visual book, world-renowned designers Stefan Sagmeister and Jessica Walsh set out on a …
Settling the Sexual Dust: Portrayals and Restrictions of Female ...
that the vagina has been misunderstood throughout history. 20. After reading Jane Gerhard’s book on Judy Chicago’s “The Dinner Party,” and having the pleasure of discussing it with her …
Queer For Fear The History Of Queer Horror - netsec.csuci.edu
Director, In Place of War 'United Queerdom is a thing of beauty. Dan Glass has penned a memoir that pulsates with existential rage, solidarity, and tactical hope.’ Amin Ghaziani, author of …
