Advertisement
| mathematical proof that god exists: The Probability of God Dr. Stephen D. Unwin, 2004-10-26 Does God exist? This is probably the most debated question in the history of mankind. Scholars, scientists, and philosophers have spent their lifetimes trying to prove or disprove the existence of God, only to have their theories crucified by other scholars, scientists, and philosophers. Where the debate breaks down is in the ambiguities and colloquialisms of language. But, by using a universal, unambiguous language—namely, mathematics—can this question finally be answered definitively? That’s what Dr. Stephen Unwin attempts to do in this riveting, accessible, and witty book, The Probability of God. At its core, this groundbreaking book reveals how a math equation developed more than 200 years ago by noted European philosopher Thomas Bayes can be used to calculate the probability that God exists. The equation itself is much more complicated than a simple coin toss (heads, He’s up there running the show; tails, He’s not). Yet Dr. Unwin writes with a clarity that makes his mathematical proof easy for even the nonmathematician to understand and a verve that makes his book a delight to read. Leading you carefully through each step in his argument, he demonstrates in the end that God does indeed exist. Whether you’re a devout believer and agree with Dr. Unwin’s proof or are unsure about all things divine, you will find this provocative book enlightening and engaging. “One of the most innovative works [in the science and religion movement] is The Probability of God...An entertaining exercise in thinking.”—Michael Shermer, Scientific American “Unwin’s book [is] peppered with wry, self-deprecating humor that makes the scientific discussions more accessible...Spiritually inspiring.”--Chicago Sun Times “A pleasantly breezy account of some complicated matters well worth learning about.”--Philadelphia Inquirer “One of the best things about the book is its humor.”--Cleveland Plain Dealer “In a book that is surprisingly lighthearted and funny, Unwin manages to pack in a lot of facts about science and philosophy.”--Salt Lake Tribune |
| mathematical proof that god exists: Mathematical Proofs That God Exists Patrocel N. Duque, 2007-11 At last! Could this be a discovery of the millenniums proving mathematically that God exists? These divine equations aim to reinforce faith of believers and convince nonbelievers. Judge for yourself. |
| mathematical proof that god exists: Proofs from THE BOOK Martin Aigner, Günter M. Ziegler, 2013-06-29 According to the great mathematician Paul Erdös, God maintains perfect mathematical proofs in The Book. This book presents the authors candidates for such perfect proofs, those which contain brilliant ideas, clever connections, and wonderful observations, bringing new insight and surprising perspectives to problems from number theory, geometry, analysis, combinatorics, and graph theory. As a result, this book will be fun reading for anyone with an interest in mathematics. |
| mathematical proof that god exists: Mathematical Proofs That God Exists Patrocel DUQUE, 2017-06-19 At last! Could this be a discovery of the millenia proving through mathematics that God exists!The world has approximately 4.3 billion believers. This motivated the author to write a book reinforcing the faith of believers and convincing nonbelievers.When 70% completed, survey was conducted. It reinforced believers' faith up to 62%. The convincibility for nonbelievers was more. Now that it is complete, the impact should be greater. Significantly, these equations mathematically intertwine and reconclie with logic and theology refuting the Evolution of Men and Big Bang theories, and Stephen Hawkings The Grand Design. This book is circulated worldwide and translated into Spanish. |
| mathematical proof that god exists: How Did God Do It? A Symphony of Science and Scripture Walt Huber, Rose Huber, 2013-12 Have you ever wondered... How Did God Do It? How did God perform the many miracles and supernatural events described in the Holy Bible - without violating the laws of physics and chemistry that He Himself put into place? And without conflicting with the basic tenets of Judaism and Christianity? This book proposes a theory that marries faith and rationality in a symphony of science and scripture.... |
| mathematical proof that god exists: New Proofs for the Existence of God Robert J. Spitzer, 2010-04-15 Responding to contemporary popular atheism, Robert J. Spitzer's New Proofs for the Existence of God examines the considerable evidence for God and creation that has come to light from physics and philosophy during the last forty years. --from publisher description. |
| mathematical proof that god exists: Incompleteness Rebecca Goldstein, 2006-01-31 An introduction to the life and thought of Kurt Gödel, who transformed our conception of math forever--Provided by publisher. |
| mathematical proof that god exists: God: The Failed Hypothesis Victor J. Stenger, 2010-08-05 Throughout history, arguments for and against the existence of God have been largely confined to philosophy and theology, while science has sat on the sidelines. Despite the fact that science has revolutionized every aspect of human life and greatly clarified our understanding of the world, somehow the notion has arisen that it has nothing to say about the possibility of a supreme being, which much of humanity worships as the source of all reality. This book contends that, if God exists, some evidence for this existence should be detectable by scientific means, especially considering the central role that God is alleged to play in the operation of the universe and the lives of humans. Treating the traditional God concept, as conventionally presented in the Judeo-Christian and Islamic traditions, like any other scientific hypothesis, physicist Stenger examines all of the claims made for God's existence. He considers the latest Intelligent Design arguments as evidence of God's influence in biology. He looks at human behavior for evidence of immaterial souls and the possible effects of prayer. He discusses the findings of physics and astronomy in weighing the suggestions that the universe is the work of a creator and that humans are God's special creation. After evaluating all the scientific evidence, Stenger concludes that beyond a reasonable doubt the universe and life appear exactly as we might expect if there were no God. This paperback edition of the New York Times bestselling hardcover edition contains a new foreword by Christopher Hitchens and a postscript by the author in which he responds to reviewers' criticisms of the original edition. |
| mathematical proof that god exists: Introduction To Evolutionary Informatics Robert J Marks Ii, William A Dembski, Winston Ewert, 2017-02-27 Science has made great strides in modeling space, time, mass and energy. Yet little attention has been paid to the precise representation of the information ubiquitous in nature.Introduction to Evolutionary Informatics fuses results from complexity modeling and information theory that allow both meaning and design difficulty in nature to be measured in bits. Built on the foundation of a series of peer-reviewed papers published by the authors, the book is written at a level easily understandable to readers with knowledge of rudimentary high school math. Those seeking a quick first read or those not interested in mathematical detail can skip marked sections in the monograph and still experience the impact of this new and exciting model of nature's information.This book is written for enthusiasts in science, engineering and mathematics interested in understanding the essential role of information in closely examined evolution theory. |
| mathematical proof that god exists: Five Proofs of the Existence of God Edward Feser, 2017-08-25 This book provides a detailed, updated exposition and defense of five of the historically most important (but in recent years largely neglected) philosophical proofs of God’s existence: the Aristotelian, the Neo-Platonic, the Augustinian, the Thomistic, and the Rationalist. It also offers a thorough treatment of each of the key divine attributes—unity, simplicity, eternity, omnipotence, omniscience, perfect goodness, and so forth—showing that they must be possessed by the God whose existence is demonstrated by the proofs. Finally, it answers at length all of the objections that have been leveled against these proofs. This work provides as ambitious and complete a defense of traditional natural theology as is currently in print. Its aim is to vindicate the view of the greatest philosophers of the past— thinkers like Aristotle, Plotinus, Augustine, Aquinas, Leibniz, and many others— that the existence of God can be established with certainty by way of purely rational arguments. It thereby serves as a refutation both of atheism and of the fideism that gives aid and comfort to atheism. |
| mathematical proof that god exists: Gödel's Theorem Torkel Franzén, 2005-06-06 Among the many expositions of Gödel's incompleteness theorems written for non-specialists, this book stands apart. With exceptional clarity, Franzén gives careful, non-technical explanations both of what those theorems say and, more importantly, what they do not. No other book aims, as his does, to address in detail the misunderstandings and abuses of the incompleteness theorems that are so rife in popular discussions of their significance. As an antidote to the many spurious appeals to incompleteness in theological, anti-mechanist and post-modernist debates, it is a valuable addition to the literature. --- John W. Dawson, author of Logical Dilemmas: The Life and Work of Kurt Gödel |
| mathematical proof that god exists: Reasonable Faith William Lane Craig, 2008 This updated edition by one of the world's leading apologists presents a systematic, positive case for Christianity that reflects the latest work in the contemporary hard sciences and humanities. Brilliant and accessible. |
| mathematical proof that god exists: The Language of God Francis Collins, 2008-09-04 Dr Francis S. Collins, head of the Human Genome Project, is one of the world's leading scientists, working at the cutting edge of the study of DNA, the code of life. Yet he is also a man of unshakable faith in God. How does he reconcile the seemingly unreconcilable? In THE LANGUAGE OF GOD he explains his own journey from atheism to faith, and then takes the reader on a stunning tour of modern science to show that physics, chemistry and biology -- indeed, reason itself -- are not incompatible with belief. His book is essential reading for anyone who wonders about the deepest questions of all: why are we here? How did we get here? And what does life mean? |
| mathematical proof that god exists: Why Evolution is True Jerry A. Coyne, 2010-01-14 For all the discussion in the media about creationism and 'Intelligent Design', virtually nothing has been said about the evidence in question - the evidence for evolution by natural selection. Yet, as this succinct and important book shows, that evidence is vast, varied, and magnificent, and drawn from many disparate fields of science. The very latest research is uncovering a stream of evidence revealing evolution in action - from the actual observation of a species splitting into two, to new fossil discoveries, to the deciphering of the evidence stored in our genome. Why Evolution is True weaves together the many threads of modern work in genetics, palaeontology, geology, molecular biology, anatomy, and development to demonstrate the 'indelible stamp' of the processes first proposed by Darwin. It is a crisp, lucid, and accessible statement that will leave no one with an open mind in any doubt about the truth of evolution. |
| mathematical proof that god exists: Types, Tableaus, and Gödel’s God M. Fitting, 2002-05-31 Gödel's modal ontological argument is the centerpiece of an extensive examination of intensional logic. First, classical type theory is presented semantically, tableau rules for it are introduced, and the Prawitz/Takahashi completeness proof is given. Then modal machinery is added to produce a modified version of Montague/Gallin intensional logic. Finally, various ontological proofs for the existence of God are discussed informally, and the Gödel argument is fully formalized. Parts of the book are mathematical, parts philosophical. |
| mathematical proof that god exists: Logic and Theism Jordan Howard Sobel, 2003-11-10 This is a wide-ranging 2004 book about arguments for and against beliefs in God. This book will be a valuable resource for philosophers of religion and theologians and will interest logicians and mathematicians as well. |
| mathematical proof that god exists: A Logical Journey Hao Wang, 1997-02-03 Hao Wang (1921-1995) was one of the few confidants of the great mathematician and logician Kurt Gödel. A Logical Journey is a continuation of Wang's Reflections on Gödel and also elaborates on discussions contained in From Mathematics to Philosophy. A decade in preparation, it contains important and unfamiliar insights into Gödel's views on a wide range of issues, from Platonism and the nature of logic, to minds and machines, the existence of God, and positivism and phenomenology. The impact of Gödel's theorem on twentieth-century thought is on par with that of Einstein's theory of relativity, Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, or Keynesian economics. These previously unpublished intimate and informal conversations, however, bring to light and amplify Gödel's other major contributions to logic and philosophy. They reveal that there is much more in Gödel's philosophy of mathematics than is commonly believed, and more in his philosophy than his philosophy of mathematics. Wang writes that it is even possible that his quite informal and loosely structured conversations with me, which I am freely using in this book, will turn out to be the fullest existing expression of the diverse components of his inadequately articulated general philosophy. The first two chapters are devoted to Gödel's life and mental development. In the chapters that follow, Wang illustrates the quest for overarching solutions and grand unifications of knowledge and action in Gödel's written speculations on God and an afterlife. He gives the background and a chronological summary of the conversations, considers Gödel's comments on philosophies and philosophers (his support of Husserl's phenomenology and his digressions on Kant and Wittgenstein), and his attempt to demonstrate the superiority of the mind's power over brains and machines. Three chapters are tied together by what Wang perceives to be Gödel's governing ideal of philosophy: an exact theory in which mathematics and Newtonian physics serve as a model for philosophy or metaphysics. Finally, in an epilog Wang sketches his own approach to philosophy in contrast to his interpretation of Gödel's outlook. |
| mathematical proof that god exists: The Existence of God Yujin Nagasawa, 2011-04-19 Does God exist? What are the various arguments that seek to prove the existence of God? Can atheists refute these arguments? The Existence of God: A Philosophical Introduction assesses classical and contemporary arguments concerning the existence of God: the ontological argument, introducing the nature of existence, possible worlds, parody objections, and the evolutionary origin of the concept of God the cosmological argument, discussing metaphysical paradoxes of infinity, scientific models of the universe, and philosophers’ discussions about ultimate reality and the meaning of life the design argument, addressing Aquinas’s Fifth Way, Darwin’s theory of evolution, the concept of irreducible complexity, and the current controversy over intelligent design and school education. Bringing the subject fully up to date, Yujin Nagasawa explains these arguments in relation to recent research in cognitive science, the mathematics of infinity, big bang cosmology, and debates about ethics and morality in light of contemporary political and social events. The book also includes fascinating insights into the passions, beliefs and struggles of the philosophers and scientists who have tackled the challenge of proving the existence of God, including Thomas Aquinas, and Kurt Gödel - who at the end of his career as a famous mathematician worked on a secret project to prove the existence of God. The Existence of God: A Philosophical Introduction is an ideal gateway to the philosophy of religion and an excellent starting point for anyone interested in arguments about the existence of God. |
| mathematical proof that god exists: Evidence for God William A. Dembski, Michael R. Licona, 2010-07-01 There have always been challenges to belief in God as he is revealed in the Bible and each new year seems to add more questions to the doubter's arsenal. In Evidence for God, leading apologists provide compelling arguments that address the most pressing questions of the day about God, science, Jesus, the Bible, and more, including Is Intelligent Design really a credible explanation of the origins of our world? Did Jesus really exist? Is Jesus really the only way to God? What about those who have never heard the gospel? Is the Bible today what was originally written? What about recently publicized gospels that aren't in the Bible? and much more |
| mathematical proof that god exists: The Probability of God Dr. Stephen D. Unwin, 2004-10-26 Does God exist? This is probably the most debated question in the history of mankind. Scholars, scientists, and philosophers have spent their lifetimes trying to prove or disprove the existence of God, only to have their theories crucified by other scholars, scientists, and philosophers. Where the debate breaks down is in the ambiguities and colloquialisms of language. But, by using a universal, unambiguous language—namely, mathematics—can this question finally be answered definitively? That’s what Dr. Stephen Unwin attempts to do in this riveting, accessible, and witty book, The Probability of God. At its core, this groundbreaking book reveals how a math equation developed more than 200 years ago by noted European philosopher Thomas Bayes can be used to calculate the probability that God exists. The equation itself is much more complicated than a simple coin toss (heads, He’s up there running the show; tails, He’s not). Yet Dr. Unwin writes with a clarity that makes his mathematical proof easy for even the nonmathematician to understand and a verve that makes his book a delight to read. Leading you carefully through each step in his argument, he demonstrates in the end that God does indeed exist. Whether you’re a devout believer and agree with Dr. Unwin’s proof or are unsure about all things divine, you will find this provocative book enlightening and engaging. |
| mathematical proof that god exists: 36 Arguments for the Existence of God Rebecca Goldstein, 2011-02-01 From the author of The Mind-Body Problem: a witty and intoxicating novel of ideas that plunges into the great debate between faith and reason. At the center is Cass Seltzer, a professor of psychology whose book, The Varieties of Religious Illusion, has become a surprise best seller. Dubbed “the atheist with a soul,” he wins over the stunning Lucinda Mandelbaum—“the goddess of game theory.” But he is haunted by reminders of two people who ignited his passion to understand religion: his teacher Jonas Elijah Klapper, a renowned literary scholar with a suspicious obsession with messianism, and an angelic six-year-old mathematical genius, heir to the leadership of an exotic Hasidic sect. Hilarious, heartbreaking, and intellectually captivating, 36 Arguments explores the rapture and torments of religious experience in all its variety. |
| mathematical proof that god exists: The Ultimate Proof of Creation Dr. Jason Lisle, 2009-06-01 It's a bold title: The Ultimate Proof of Creation - But is there such a thing? There are many books that contain seemingly powerful arguments for biblical creation. But is there an ultimate proof of creation? There is an argument for creation that is powerful, conclusive, and has no true rebuttal. As such, it is an irrefutable argument - an ultimate proof of the Christian worldview biblical creation. Master the method outlined in the following chapters, and you will be able to defend Christianity against all opposition. Learn how to apply the ultimate proof in dialogues with evolutionists, how to spot logical fallacies, and biblical examples of defending the faith Discover the nature of scientific evidence and its proper role in the origins debate Details how to address theistic evolution, day age creationism, and other compromised positions of biblical creationism An exceptional book for pastors, ministry leaders, seminary attendees, and students of religion and philosophy This book is a complete guide to defending the Christian faith, emphasizing the defense of the Genesis account of creation, built on techniques that have been developed over many years and presentations. They are not difficult to apply when you learn how to do it properly. Ready to move beyond the circular arguments? It is time to get to the real heart of the issue and rationally resolve the origins debate. It is time to discover The Ultimate Proof of Creation. |
| mathematical proof that god exists: The Non-existence of God Nicholas Everitt, 2004 Arguments for the existence of God have taken many different forms over the centuries: in The Non-Existence of God, Everitt considers all the arguments and examines the role that reason and knowledge play in the debate over God's existence. |
| mathematical proof that god exists: Theists and Atheists Thomas Steven Molnar, 1980 Sinceits founding by Jacques Waardenburg in 1971, Religion and Reason has been a leading forum for contributions on theories, theoretical issues and agendas related to the phenomenon and the study of religion. Topics include (among others) category formation, comparison, ethnophilosophy, hermeneutics, methodology, myth, phenomenology, philosophy of science, scientific atheism, structuralism, and theories of religion. From time to time the series publishes volumes that map the state of the art and the history of the discipline. |
| mathematical proof that god exists: The Cognitive-Theoretic Model of the Universe: A New Kind of Reality Theory Christopher Michael Langan, 2002-06-01 Paperback version of the 2002 paper published in the journal Progress in Information, Complexity, and Design (PCID). ABSTRACT Inasmuch as science is observational or perceptual in nature, the goal of providing a scientific model and mechanism for the evolution of complex systems ultimately requires a supporting theory of reality of which perception itself is the model (or theory-to-universe mapping). Where information is the abstract currency of perception, such a theory must incorporate the theory of information while extending the information concept to incorporate reflexive self-processing in order to achieve an intrinsic (self-contained) description of reality. This extension is associated with a limiting formulation of model theory identifying mental and physical reality, resulting in a reflexively self-generating, self-modeling theory of reality identical to its universe on the syntactic level. By the nature of its derivation, this theory, the Cognitive Theoretic Model of the Universe or CTMU, can be regarded as a supertautological reality-theoretic extension of logic. Uniting the theory of reality with an advanced form of computational language theory, the CTMU describes reality as a Self Configuring Self-Processing Language or SCSPL, a reflexive intrinsic language characterized not only by self-reference and recursive self-definition, but full self-configuration and self-execution (reflexive read-write functionality). SCSPL reality embodies a dual-aspect monism consisting of infocognition, self-transducing information residing in self-recognizing SCSPL elements called syntactic operators. The CTMU identifies itself with the structure of these operators and thus with the distributive syntax of its self-modeling SCSPL universe, including the reflexive grammar by which the universe refines itself from unbound telesis or UBT, a primordial realm of infocognitive potential free of informational constraint. Under the guidance of a limiting (intrinsic) form of anthropic principle called the Telic Principle, SCSPL evolves by telic recursion, jointly configuring syntax and state while maximizing a generalized self-selection parameter and adjusting on the fly to freely-changing internal conditions. SCSPL relates space, time and object by means of conspansive duality and conspansion, an SCSPL-grammatical process featuring an alternation between dual phases of existence associated with design and actualization and related to the familiar wave-particle duality of quantum mechanics. By distributing the design phase of reality over the actualization phase, conspansive spacetime also provides a distributed mechanism for Intelligent Design, adjoining to the restrictive principle of natural selection a basic means of generating information and complexity. Addressing physical evolution on not only the biological but cosmic level, the CTMU addresses the most evident deficiencies and paradoxes associated with conventional discrete and continuum models of reality, including temporal directionality and accelerating cosmic expansion, while preserving virtually all of the major benefits of current scientific and mathematical paradigms. |
| mathematical proof that god exists: The Ontological Argument Jonathan Barnes, 1972-06-18 |
| mathematical proof that god exists: Common Sense Atheism Barry Goldberg, 2017-09-29 For some atheists, it's enough to simply not believe in God. Some people believe, but you don't. And that's OK.Other atheists, however, find themselves constantly being asked to justify why they don't believe in God, to explain how they can possibly have morals without believing in God, to respond to various arguments that supposedly prove the existence of God, to acknowledge that America was founded as a Christian nation, etc. And if you don't have a background in philosophy, formal logic, comparative religions, ancient history, and various scientific fields, it can be a bit daunting to attempt to respond to questions and assertions like these.Well, fear not! Common Sense Atheism is a collection of original essays that address these issues and many others in clear and easy to understand language, with just a dollop of humor to make it all go down smoothly. These essays will help you understand and explain to others why a lack of belief in God really is the only rational choice.After all, you shouldn't need a PhD to defend your lack of belief. |
| mathematical proof that god exists: Philosophy of Religion: A Very Short Introduction Tim Bayne, 2018-02-13 What is the philosophy of religion? How can we distinguish it from theology on the one hand and the psychology/sociology of religious belief on the other? What does it mean to describe God as 'eternal'? And should religious people want there to be good arguments for the existence of God, or is religious belief only authentic in the absence of these good arguments? In this Very Short Introduction Tim Bayne introduces the field of philosophy of religion, and engages with some of the most burning questions that philosophers discuss. Considering how 'religion' should be defined, and whether we even need to be able to define it in order to engage in the philosophy of religion, he goes on to discuss whether the existence of God matters. Exploring the problem of evil, Bayne also debates the connection between faith and reason, and the related question of what role reason should play in religious contexts. Shedding light on the relationship between science and religion, Bayne finishes by considering the topics of reincarnation and the afterlife. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable. |
| mathematical proof that god exists: Kurt Gödel: Collected Works: Volume III Kurt Gödel, Solomon Feferman, 1986 Anyone interested in the life and work of Kurt Gödel, or in the history of mathematical logic in this century, is indebted to all of the contributors to this volume for the care with which they have presented Gödel's work. They have succeeded in using their own expertise to elucidate both the nature and significance of what Gödel and, in turn, mathematical logic have accomplished. --Isis (on volume I). The third volume brings togetherGödels unpublished essays and lectures. |
| mathematical proof that god exists: God in Proof Nathan Schneider, 2013-06-10 In this tour of the history of arguments for and against the existence of God, Nathan Schneider embarks on a remarkable intellectual, historical, and theological journey through the centuries of believers and unbelieversÑfrom ancient Greeks, to medieval Arabs, to todayÕs most eminent philosophers and the New Atheists. Framed by an account of SchneiderÕs own unique journey, God in Proof illuminates the great minds who wrestled with one of historyÕs biggest questions together with their arguments, bringing them to life in their time, and our own. SchneiderÕs sure-handed portrayal of the characters and ideas involved in the search for proof challenges how we normally think about doubt and faith while showing that, in their quest for certainty and the proofs to declare it, thinkers on either side of the God divide are often closer to one another than they would like to think. |
| mathematical proof that god exists: Kurt Gödel and the Foundations of Mathematics Matthias Baaz, Christos H. Papadimitriou, Hilary W. Putnam, Dana S. Scott, Charles L. Harper, Jr, 2011-06-06 This volume commemorates the life, work and foundational views of Kurt Gödel (1906–78), most famous for his hallmark works on the completeness of first-order logic, the incompleteness of number theory, and the consistency - with the other widely accepted axioms of set theory - of the axiom of choice and of the generalized continuum hypothesis. It explores current research, advances and ideas for future directions not only in the foundations of mathematics and logic, but also in the fields of computer science, artificial intelligence, physics, cosmology, philosophy, theology and the history of science. The discussion is supplemented by personal reflections from several scholars who knew Gödel personally, providing some interesting insights into his life. By putting his ideas and life's work into the context of current thinking and perceptions, this book will extend the impact of Gödel's fundamental work in mathematics, logic, philosophy and other disciplines for future generations of researchers. |
| mathematical proof that god exists: Reflections on Kurt Gödel Hao Wang, 1990-03-14 Newton/Descartes. Einstein/Gödel. The seventeenth century had its scientific and philosophical geniuses. Why shouldn't ours have them as well? Kurt Gödel was indisputably one of the greatest thinkers of our time, and in this first extended treatment of his life and work, Hao Wang, who was in close contact with Gödel in his last years, brings out the full subtlety of Gödel's ideas and their connection with grand themes in the history of mathematics and philosophy. The subjects he covers include the completeness of elementary logic, the limits of formalization, the problem of evidence, the concept of set, the philosophy of mathematics, time, and relativity theory, metaphysics and religion, as well as general ideas on philosophy as a worldview. Wang, whose reflections on his colleague also serve to clarify his own philosophical thoughts, distinguishes his ideas from those of Gödel's and on points of agreement develops Gödel's views further. The book provides a generous array of information on and interpretation of the two main phases of Gödel's career - the years between 1924 and 1939 at the University of Vienna, which were marked by intense mathematical creativity, and the period from 1940 to his death in 1978, during which he was affiliated with the Institute for Advanced Studies in Princeton, a time in which Gödel's interests steadily shifted from questions of logic to metaphysics. And it also examines Gödel's relations with the Vienna Circle, his philosophical differences with Carnap and Wittgenstein, the intimate and mutually fruitful friendship with Einstein, and the periodic bouts of depression for which Gödel was hospitalized a number of times over the course of his life. A Bradford Book. |
| mathematical proof that god exists: The Fallacy of Fine-Tuning Victor J. Stenger, 2011-04-15 A number of authors have noted that if some physical parameters were slightly changed, the universe could no longer support life, as we know it. This implies that life depends sensitively on the physics of our universe. Does this fine-tuning of the universe suggest that a creator god intentionally calibrated the initial conditions of the universe such that life on earth and the evolution of humanity would eventually emerge? In his in-depth and highly accessible discussion of this fascinating and controversial topic, the author looks at the evidence and comes to the opposite conclusion. He finds that the observations of science and our naked senses not only show no evidence for God, they provide evidence beyond a reasonable doubt that God does not exist. |
| mathematical proof that god exists: Ontological Proofs Today Miroslaw Szatkowski, 2013-05-02 The book Ontological Proofs Today, apart from the introduction, consists of six parts. Part II comprises papers each of which pertains either to historical ontological arguments, or to some other, rather new, ontological arguments, but what makes them stand out from the other papers in this volume, is the fact that they all treat of the omniscience or the omnipotence of God. Part III includes papers which introduce new ontological arguments for the existence of God, without referring to omniscience and omnipotence as the transparent attributes of God. The issue of the type of necessity with which ontological proofs work or may work is raised in the articles of Part IV. In Part V the semantics for some ontological proofs are defined. Part VI consists of papers which, although quite different from each other in terms of content, all explore some ontological issues, and formal ontology may be considered the link between them. Part VII comprises two articles, by R. E. Maydole and G. Oppy, mutually controversial and different in their assessment of some ontological proofs. |
| mathematical proof that god exists: Catholic Scientist Proves God Exists Gerard Verschuuren, 2020-02-04 Challenging today's accepted “wisdom,” Catholic scientist Gerard Verschuuren, Ph.D., here demonstrates that the question of whether God exists is not one science can answer. Indeed, that would be like expecting a microscope to reveal the square root of sixteen! Verschuuren begins by explaining the five famous medieval proofs for the existence of God — based on reason alone — that have survived despite nearly a thousand years of efforts to refute them. With his wise help, you'll come to see that just as reason gives us access to the existence of numbers, so it is reason that gives us access to the existence of God. In fact, when we use our reason to investigate the existence of God, we encounter proofs that are more powerful, by far, than any that science could ever provide. Yes, Verschuuren is a Catholic; but he's also a long-standing scientist, schooled in using reason alone to draw forth from evidence the proofs to which it nec |
| mathematical proof that god exists: In the Beginning Was Information Dr. Werner Gitt, 2006-02-01 Powerful evidence for the existence of a personal God! Information is the cornerstone of life, yet it is something people don't often think about. In his fascinating new book, In the Beginning Was Information, Dr. Werner Gitt helps the reader see how the very presence of information reveals a Designer: Do we take for granted the presence of information that organizes every part of the human body, from hair color to the way internal organs work? What is the origin of all our complicated data? How is it that information in our ordered universe is organized and processed? Gitt explains the necessity of information - and more importantly, the need for an Organizer and Originator of that information. The huge amount of information present in just a small amount of DNA alone refutes the possibility of a non-intelligent beginning for life. It all points to a Being who not only organizes biological data, but also cares for the creation. |
| mathematical proof that god exists: The Eternal Quest for God Julio Savi, 1989 Profoundly conceived and meticulously researched, this book ranges over the sacred texts of the Baha'i to explore the deepest questions of existence: God, evolution, and the human soul. (World Religions) |
| mathematical proof that god exists: If God Exists M. E. Stearn, 2017-05-11 When I was seven years old the nun teaching my Catechism class told us that Mary immaculately conceived Jesus. My mother immediately disabused me of this idea, stating, unequivocally, that Mary was just another fourteen-year-old who got pregnant, arguably and ironically planting the seed for this book. The theist belief that God exists as a conscious entity in some form other than that of matter or energy denies, by definition, the actual existence of God. Atheism denies the belief in God existing as a conscious entity. Neither theists nor atheists rely upon evidence to support their belief. This thesis proposes that God either exists or doesn't exist and belief does not change the ultimate fact. Syllogistically, if God exists, God exists as some form of matter or energy and God is infinite by definition, and since matter and energy can be neither created nor destroyed according to the Law of Conservation, God and matter and energy are identical and everything that exists in the cosmos is God. Omnideism proposes a logical explanation for the actual existence of God consistent with the laws of physics and theistic purpose for human existence . . . if God exists. |
| mathematical proof that god exists: Is There a God? Richard Swinburne, 2010-01-07 Is There a God? offers a powerful response to modern doubts about the existence of God. It may seem today that the answers to all fundamental questions lie in the province of science, and that the scientific advances of the twentieth century leave little room for God. Cosmologists have rolled back their theories to the moment of the Big Bang, the discovery of DNA reveals the key to life, the theory of evolution explains the development of life... and with each new discoveryor development, it seems that we are closer to a complete understanding of how things are. For many people, this gives strength to the belief that God is not needed to explain the universe; that religious belief is not based on reason; and that the existence of God is, intellectually, a lost cause.Richard Swinburne, one of the most distinguished philosophers of religion of our day, argues that on the contrary, science provides good grounds for belief in God. Why is there a universe at all ? Why is there any life on Earth? How is it that discoverable scientific laws operate in the universe? Professor Swinburne uses the methods of scientific reasoning to argue that the best answers to these questions are given by the existence of God. The picture of the universe that science gives us iscompleted by God.This new, updated edition of Richard Swinburne's popular introductory book Is There a God? features two substantial changes. He presents a new, stronger argument why theism does and materialism does not provide a very simple ultimate explanation of the world. And he examines the idea of the possible existence of many other universes, and its relevance to his arguments from the fine-tuning of our universe to the existence of God. |
| mathematical proof that god exists: A to Z of Mathematicians Tucker McElroy, 2014-05-14 Profiles more than 150 mathematicians from around the world who made important contributions to their field, including Rene Descartes, Emily Noether and Bernhard Riemann. |
Chapter 1 : Logic and Mathematical Proof - staff.univ-batna2.dz
Chapter 1 : Logic and Mathematical Proof Introduction The objective of this course is to enable a fundamental understanding of mathematical logic and proof techniques. In this chapter, we will …
Reading and Writing Mathematical Proofs - IIT Delhi
Mathematical proof A convincing argument for the reader to establish the correctness of a mathematical statement without any doubt. In what format should a proof be? ... Proof Since x is …
Mathematical Proofs: Where to Begin And How to Write Them
Mathematical Proofs: Where to Begin And How to Write Them ... By definition, p2 is even, which implies that p is even by our Contrapositive Proof above. Hence, there exists an integer k such …
GUIDE TO WRITING MATHEMATICAL PROOFS - Rutgers University
2. METHODS OF PROOF We can’t know in advance what method of proof is the most suitable to use for any given mathemati-cal statement. A successful proof is often the result of several attempts, …
The God-Fearing Life of Leonhard Euler - acmsonline.org
a First Cause if, indeed, He exists at all. The belief that God is not to be taken seriously is expressed in the French philosopher Voltaire’s witticism, “God is a comedian playing to an ... and whose …
arXiv:2111.12562v1 [math.HO] 23 Nov 2021
the abovedefinition, God exists in his understanding. Hartshorneformalizesthis as Mq (i.e. ∼N∼q in his terms). But then it is not possible that God exists in the understanding alone because it is …
Practice with Proofs - University of California, Berkeley
exists. In fact, it’s going to equal 1, so it su ces to show that the one-sided limits are both 1. This can be checked as follows: lim h!0 + f(h) f(0) h = lim h!0 (1 + h) 1 h = lim h!0 1 = 1 lim h! 0 f(h) f(0) h = …
Proof and Sizes of Infinity - Brown University
language needed to discuss these things, the notion of a mathematical proof has a precise meaning. One argues straight from the axioms using allowable logical deductions. Here is an example …
Mathematical Rigor and Proof - Yacin Hamami
acknowledged that the mathematical proofs to be found in ordinary mathematical practice deviate significantly from the standards of formal proof.1 For this reason, adopting such a …
Mathematical Reasoning - Oregon Institute of Technology
Mathematical Reasoning: Writing and Proof is designed to be a text for the first course in the college mathematics curriculum that introduces students to the pro-cesses of constructing and …
The essence of material things, and the existence of God …
mathematical concepts lead Descartes to consider again the concept of God, and to ask what truths may be derivable from that concept. The concept of God is the ... God, and hence that he really …
Introduction to mathematical arguments - University of California, …
Introduction to mathematical arguments (background handout for courses requiring proofs) by Michael Hutchings A mathematical proof is an argument which convinces other people that …
Writing Mathematical Proofs - Hamilton College
WRITING MATHEMATICAL PROOFS . Starting with Linear Algebra, mathematics courses at Hamilton often require students to prove mathematical results using formalized logic. This can …
Anselm’s Ontological Argument - Springer
expression “that than which nothing greater can be thought” is proof enough that he already has some kind of existence, in intellectu. if not . in re. Hence the argument is not, strictly speaking, …
Mathematical Proof That God Exists - goramblers.org
Mathematical Proof That God Exists God Jean Paul Corriveau 2021-07-31 Drawing on fundamental notions from quantum physics, this book uses logic and careful reasoning to prove that God …
Mathematical models in theology. A Buber-inspired model of God …
one concludes that even this form of an ontological argument is no sufficient proof of God, it is a help for clarifying the notion of a property as used in the context of properties of God ...
36 Arguments for the Existence of God - Scholars at Harvard
exists apart from organized religion. In her novel, Goldstein asks: What do you believe in, if you discount the presence of the divine? Her characters, even the most strident atheists, still have …
FIVE ARGUMENTS FOR GOD - Christian Evidence
1980 Time ran a major story entitled ‘Modernizing the Case for God,’ which described the movement among contemporary philosophers to refurbish the traditional arguments for God’s …
Galileo and Leibniz: Different Approaches to Infinity - Springer
17 Dec 1997 · “God exists since mathematics is consistent, and the devil exists since we cannot prove it.” In this way Andre Weil, one of the leading mathematicians of this century,´ …
How to Read Proofs: The ‘Self-Explanation’ Strategy - Royal …
understand mathematical proofs: in one recent research study students who had worked through these materials before reading a proof scored 30% higher than a control group on a subsequent …
Mathematical Proof That God Does Not Exist
God Does Exist! Jean Paul Corriveau,2020-03-05 In this book, the author uses logic and careful reasoning to prove that God exists. He explains how long-held arguments for God's existence are …
© Michael Lacewing - A Level Philosophy
idea of God, claiming that it is an idea of a being that is, among other things, supremely powerful and supremely perfect. These claims are intended to be analytic, true in virtue of the concept of …
Writing Mathematical Proofs - Hamilton College
WRITING MATHEMATICAL PROOFS . Starting with Linear Algebra, mathematics courses at Hamilton often require students to prove mathematical results using formalized logic. This can …
Extreme Proofs I: The Irrationality of - Johns Hopkins University
Traditionally, this type of argument is called a “proof by descent,” and it relies on the principle (usually tacitly assumed by the ancients) that any nonempty set of positive integers has a least …
Mathematical Proof That God Does Not Exist Copy
Mathematical Proof That God Does Not Exist The Probability of God Dr. Stephen D. Unwin,2004-10-26 Does God exist This is probably the most debated question in ... that God exists The equation …
Anselm Ontological Argument - San José State University
is a consideration of arguments for God's existence, and the other is a treatment of the definition or nature of God, particularly as it concerns the great problem of human evil and suffering. Most …
A Logical Proof of the Existence of God - Hatcher
Title: Microsoft PowerPoint - logical_proof_presentation_200309.ppt [Compatibility Mode] Author: armand Created Date: 8/25/2008 9:58:27 AM
MATH1050 Statements, proofs, and mathematical language.
MATH1050 Statements, proofs, and mathematical language. 1. Mathematical statements. A mathematical statement is a sentence with mathematical content (or several inter-related …
Seven Proofs God Exists - Church at Home
proofs of the existence of the Creator God.* And remember, Christians should have no fear of science. The fact is, true science—science that is correctly understood and applied—is never at …
Mathematical Proof That God Exists (Download Only)
My Mathematical Proof of God's Existence Andrew Tuitt,2018-12-02 In this compelling, short, non-fiction, author Andrew Tuitt, mathematician and scholar, aims to prove the existence of God …
An Introduction to Proofs in Mathematics - Purdue University
should know the basics of mathematical proof, which are explained in this document. You will by no means be an expert at proofs or mathematical reasoning by the end of the course, but ... A …
Rigor and Structure John P. Burgess Princeton University
distinctive method of mathematics is rigorous proof, and that the special topic of mathematics is abstract structure, even a superficial look at the ... the present essay is to clarify our …
the design argument - University of Notre Dame
discussed. It is not really an attempt to demonstrate that God exists; we do not have an attempt at a valid argument whose conclusion is “God exists.” Instead, we have an attempt to give evidence …
Mathematical Proof That God Does Not Exist [PDF]
Mathematical Proof That God Does Not Exist The Probability of God Dr. Stephen D. Unwin,2004-10-26 Does God exist This is probably the most debated question in ... that God exists The equation …
Mathematical Proof That God Does Not Exist [PDF]
Mathematical Proof That God Does Not Exist The Probability of God Dr. Stephen D. Unwin,2004-10-26 Does God exist This is probably the most debated question in the history of mankind Scholars …
Mathematical Proof That God Does Not Exist (PDF)
Mathematical Proof That God Does Not Exist The Probability of God Dr. Stephen D. Unwin,2004-10-26 Does God exist This is probably the most debated question in the history of mankind Scholars …
Miracles as Evidence for the Existence of God - Luther Seminary
is natural to build God into the very definition of miracle. But ours is an inquiry in philosophy regarding miracles as evidence for God. In this specific context, this common definition commits …
THE CERTAINTY OF THE AND THE EXISTENCE OF GOD - Springer
THE CERTAINTY OF THE COG/TO 157 that what we clearly and distinctly perceive is true, is the fact that God exists. But we can be sure that God exists, only because we clearly and evidently …
Some Remarks on Writing Mathematical Proofs - Department of …
mathematical exposition. Dependingon your purpose,motivation might beinserted before the statement of atheorem, or at the beginningof a proof, or at transition points between …
18.S097 Introduction to Proofs IAP 2015 Lecture Notes 1 (1/5/2015)
Direct proof: Suppose that p holds, and show how to obtain q. Proof by contrapositive: Provide a direct proof of not(q) )not(p). Proof by contradiction: Suppose that p holds and q fails, and derive …
Discrete Mathematics - (Proof Techniques) - Stony Brook University
Primenumbers Definitions A natural number n isprimeiff n > 1 and for all natural numbersrands,ifn= rs,theneitherrorsequalsn; Formally,foreachnaturalnumbernwithn>1 ...
htps://biblicalstudies.org.uk/ar cles ijt 01
hied to frame the argument on the model of mathematical reasoning. The ontological argument is interpreted as an ·attempt to pass from the idea. of God to the existence of God ... self-existent …
Informal Proofs and Mathematical Rigour - JSTOR
consideration of mathematical practice urges us to pursue a theory of informal provability. Keywords: mathematical proof, mathematical rigour, foundations, formalisation, formal method. …
Mathematical Logic - Stanford University
Propositional Logic Propositional logic is a mathematical system for reasoning about propositions and how they relate to one another. Every statement in propositional logic consists of …
What is a Proof? - MIT
Claim something is true and then shift the burden of proof to anyone who disagrees with you. Intimidation. Truth is asserted by someone with whom disagreement seems unwise. Mathematics …
TMUA notes on Logic and Proof (enhanced test specification) 2021 …
there exists. Arg4. Be able to negate statements that use any of the above terms. Mathematical Proof . Prf1. Follow a proof of the following types, and in simple cases know how to construct …
The Process of Mathematical Proof - University of Connecticut
The usual argument to justify the method of proof of a statement S(n)about natural numbers by mathematical induction. That method has the form P ⇒ Q, where P is “S(1) is true, and S(k …
Mathematical Proof That God Does Not Exist [PDF]
Mathematical Proof That God Does Not Exist The Probability of God Dr. Stephen D. Unwin,2004-10-26 Does God exist This is probably the most debated question in the history of mankind Scholars …
