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guiding questions washington and du bois: Atlanta Compromise Booker T. Washington, 2014-03 The Atlanta Compromise was an address by African-American leader Booker T. Washington on September 18, 1895. Given to a predominantly White audience at the Cotton States and International Exposition in Atlanta, Georgia, the speech has been recognized as one of the most important and influential speeches in American history. The compromise was announced at the Atlanta Exposition Speech. The primary architect of the compromise, on behalf of the African-Americans, was Booker T. Washington, president of the Tuskegee Institute. Supporters of Washington and the Atlanta compromise were termed the Tuskegee Machine. The agreement was never written down. Essential elements of the agreement were that blacks would not ask for the right to vote, they would not retaliate against racist behavior, they would tolerate segregation and discrimination, that they would receive free basic education, education would be limited to vocational or industrial training (for instance as teachers or nurses), liberal arts education would be prohibited (for instance, college education in the classics, humanities, art, or literature). After the turn of the 20th century, other black leaders, most notably W. E. B. Du Bois and William Monroe Trotter - (a group Du Bois would call The Talented Tenth), took issue with the compromise, instead believing that African-Americans should engage in a struggle for civil rights. W. E. B. Du Bois coined the term Atlanta Compromise to denote the agreement. The term accommodationism is also used to denote the essence of the Atlanta compromise. After Washington's death in 1915, supporters of the Atlanta compromise gradually shifted their support to civil rights activism, until the modern Civil rights movement commenced in the 1950s. Booker Taliaferro Washington (April 5, 1856 - November 14, 1915) was an African-American educator, author, orator, and advisor to presidents of the United States. Between 1890 and 1915, Washington was the dominant leader in the African-American community. Washington was of the last generation of black American leaders born into slavery and became the leading voice of the former slaves and their descendants, who were newly oppressed by disfranchisement and the Jim Crow discriminatory laws enacted in the post-Reconstruction Southern states in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. In 1895 his Atlanta compromise called for avoiding confrontation over segregation and instead putting more reliance on long-term educational and economic advancement in the black community. |
guiding questions washington and du bois: Writings William Edward Burghardt Du Bois, 1996 Gathers writings, articles, and essays revealing Du Bois's views on racial inequality and oppression. |
guiding questions washington and du bois: Black Reconstruction in America W. E. B. Du Bois, 2013-05-06 After four centuries of bondage, the nineteenth century marked the long-awaited release of millions of black slaves. Subsequently, these former slaves attempted to reconstruct the basis of American democracy. W. E. B. Du Bois, one of the greatest intellectual leaders in United States history, evaluates the twenty years of fateful history that followed the Civil War, with special reference to the efforts and experiences of African Americans. Du Bois’s words best indicate the broader parameters of his work: the attitude of any person toward this book will be distinctly influenced by his theories of the Negro race. If he believes that the Negro in America and in general is an average and ordinary human being, who under given environment develops like other human beings, then he will read this story and judge it by the facts adduced. The plight of the white working class throughout the world is directly traceable to American slavery, on which modern commerce and industry was founded, Du Bois argues. Moreover, the resulting color caste was adopted, forwarded, and approved by white labor, and resulted in the subordination of colored labor throughout the world. As a result, the majority of the world’s laborers became part of a system of industry that destroyed democracy and led to World War I and the Great Depression. This book tells that story. |
guiding questions washington and du bois: The Negro Problem Booker T. Washington, 1903 |
guiding questions washington and du bois: The Talented Tenth W E B Du Bois, 2020-10-13 Taken from The Talented Tenth written by W. E. B. Du Bois: The Negro race, like all races, is going to be saved by its exceptional men. The problem of education, then, among Negroes must first of all deal with the Talented Tenth; it is the problem of developing the Best of this race that they may guide the Mass away from the contamination and death of the Worst, in their own and other races. Now the training of men is a difficult and intricate task. Its technique is a matter for educational experts, but its object is for the vision of seers. If we make money the object of man-training, we shall develop money-makers but not necessarily men; if we make technical skill the object of education, we may possess artisans but not, in nature, men. Men we shall have only as we make manhood the object of the work of the schools-intelligence, broad sympathy, knowledge of the world that was and is, and of the relation of men to it-this is the curriculum of that Higher Education which must underlie true life. On this foundation we may build bread winning, skill of hand and quickness of brain, with never a fear lest the child and man mistake the means of living for the object of life. |
guiding questions washington and du bois: The Wife of His Youth Charles W. Chesnutt, 1967 |
guiding questions washington and du bois: Education of Black People W. E. B. DuBois, 1973 |
guiding questions washington and du bois: The Philadelphia Negro W. E. B. Du Bois, 2010-11-24 In 1897 the promising young sociologist William Edward Burghardt Du Bois (1868-1963) was given a temporary post as Assistant in Sociology at the University of Pennsylvania in order to conduct a systematic investigation of social conditions in the seventh ward of Philadelphia. The product of those studies was the first great empirical book on the Negro in American society. More than one hundred years after its original publication by the University of Pennsylvania Press, The Philadelphia Negro remains a classic work. It is the first, and perhaps still the finest, example of engaged sociological scholarship—the kind of work that, in contemplating social reality, helps to change it. In his introduction, Elijah Anderson examines how the neighborhood studied by Du Bois has changed over the years and compares the status of blacks today with their status when the book was initially published. |
guiding questions washington and du bois: Sociology in America Craig Calhoun, 2008-09-15 Though the word “sociology” was coined in Europe, the field of sociology grew most dramatically in America. Despite that disproportionate influence, American sociology has never been the subject of an extended historical examination. To remedy that situation—and to celebrate the centennial of the American Sociological Association—Craig Calhoun assembled a team of leading sociologists to produce Sociology in America. Rather than a story of great sociologists or departments, Sociology in America is a true history of an often disparate field—and a deeply considered look at the ways sociology developed intellectually and institutionally. It explores the growth of American sociology as it addressed changes and challenges throughout the twentieth century, covering topics ranging from the discipline’s intellectual roots to understandings (and misunderstandings) of race and gender to the impact of the Depression and the 1960s. Sociology in America will stand as the definitive treatment of the contribution of twentieth-century American sociology and will be required reading for all sociologists. Contributors: Andrew Abbott, Daniel Breslau, Craig Calhoun, Charles Camic, Miguel A. Centeno, Patricia Hill Collins, Marjorie L. DeVault, Myra Marx Ferree, Neil Gross, Lorine A. Hughes, Michael D. Kennedy, Shamus Khan, Barbara Laslett, Patricia Lengermann, Doug McAdam, Shauna A. Morimoto, Aldon Morris, Gillian Niebrugge, Alton Phillips, James F. Short Jr., Alan Sica, James T. Sparrow, George Steinmetz, Stephen Turner, Jonathan VanAntwerpen, Immanuel Wallerstein, Pamela Barnhouse Walters, Howard Winant |
guiding questions washington and du bois: The American Negro: What He Was, What He Is, and What He May Become, a Critical and Practical Discussion William Hannibal Thomas, 2022-10-26 This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant. |
guiding questions washington and du bois: In the Shadow of Du Bois Robert Gooding-Williams, 2010-01-30 The Souls of Black Folk is Du Bois’s outstanding contribution to modern political theory. It is his still influential answer to the question, “What kind of politics should African Americans conduct to counter white supremacy?” Here, in a major addition to American studies and the first book-length philosophical treatment of Du Bois’s thought, Robert Gooding-Williams examines the conceptual foundations of Du Bois’s interpretation of black politics. For Du Bois, writing in a segregated America, a politics capable of countering Jim Crow had to uplift the black masses while heeding the ethos of the black folk: it had to be a politics of modernizing “self-realization” that expressed a collective spiritual identity. Highlighting Du Bois’s adaptations of Gustav Schmoller’s social thought, the German debate over the Geisteswissenschaften, and William Wordsworth’s poetry, Gooding-Williams reconstructs Souls’ defense of this “politics of expressive self-realization,” and then examines it critically, bringing it into dialogue with the picture of African American politics that Frederick Douglass sketches in My Bondage and My Freedom. Through a novel reading of Douglass, Gooding-Williams characterizes the limitations of Du Bois’s thought and questions the authority it still exerts in ongoing debates about black leadership, black identity, and the black underclass. Coming to Bondage and then to these debates by looking backward and then forward from Souls, Gooding-Williams lets Souls serve him as a productive hermeneutical lens for exploring Afro-Modern political thought in America. |
guiding questions washington and du bois: Up from History Robert Jefferson Norrell, Robert J. Norrell, 2011-04-30 Since the 1960s, Martin Luther King, Jr., has personified black leadership with his use of direct action protests against white authority. A century ago, in the era of Jim Crow, Booker T. Washington pursued a different strategy to lift his people. In this compelling biography, Norrell reveals how conditions in the segregated South led Washington to call for a less contentious path to freedom and equality. He urged black people to acquire economic independence and to develop the moral character that would ultimately gain them full citizenship. Although widely accepted as the most realistic way to integrate blacks into American life during his time, WashingtonÕs strategy has been disparaged since the 1960s. The first full-length biography of Booker T. in a generation, Up from History recreates the broad contexts in which Washington worked: He struggled against white bigots who hated his economic ambitions for blacks, African-American intellectuals like W. E. B. Du Bois who resented his huge influence, and such inconstant allies as Theodore Roosevelt. Norrell details the positive power of WashingtonÕs vision, one that invoked hope and optimism to overcome past exploitation and present discrimination. Indeed, his ideas have since inspired peoples across the Third World that there are many ways to struggle for equality and justice. Up from History reinstates this extraordinary historical figure to the pantheon of black leaders, illuminating not only his mission and achievement but also, poignantly, the man himself. |
guiding questions washington and du bois: The Social Theory of W.E.B. Du Bois Phil Zuckerman, 2004-02-20 W. E. B. Du Bois was a political and literary giant of the 20th century, publishing over twenty books and thousands of essays and articles throughout his life. In The Social Theory of W. E. B. Du Bois, editor Phil Zuckerman assembles Du Bois's work from a wide variety of sources, including articles Du Bois published in newspapers, speeches he delivered, selections from well-known classics such as The Souls of Black Folk and Darkwater, and lesser-known, hard-to-find material written by this revolutionary social theorist. This book offers an excellent introduction to the sociological theory of one of the 20th century's intellectual beacons. |
guiding questions washington and du bois: The Negro William Edward Burghardt Du Bois, 1915 |
guiding questions washington and du bois: Of the Dawn of Freedom William Edward Burghardt Du Bois, 2010-10-26 Du Bois chronicles the legacy of the Freedman's Bureau in his classic essay that is now a part of the Penguin Great Ideas series. |
guiding questions washington and du bois: The Conservation of Races W. E. B. Du Bois, 2017-12-03 The Conservation of Races By W. E. B. Du Bois |
guiding questions washington and du bois: W. E. B. Du Bois, 1868-1919 David Levering Lewis, 1993 The author presents a biography of civil rights movement leader W.E.B. Du Bois, concentrating on the early and middle years of his long and intense career. |
guiding questions washington and du bois: Tuskegee & Its People: Their Ideals and Achievements Booker T. Washington, Emmett Jay Scott, 1916 |
guiding questions washington and du bois: The Story of My Life and Work Booker T. Washington, 1900 A publisher's dummy used for subscription sales of Washington's autobiography. Selected pages of the text and 37 illustrated plates are included. The front and back cover represent two of the three available bindings for the edition; the spine for the third option is pasted to the inside back cover. |
guiding questions washington and du bois: Strivings of the Negro People William Edward Burghardt Du Bois, 1897 |
guiding questions washington and du bois: Education of the Negro Booker T. Washington, 1904 |
guiding questions washington and du bois: A Study of the Negro Problems William Edward Burghardt Du Bois, 1900 |
guiding questions washington and du bois: The Scholar Denied Aldon Morris, 2017-01-17 In this groundbreaking book, Aldon D. Morris’s ambition is truly monumental: to help rewrite the history of sociology and to acknowledge the primacy of W. E. B. Du Bois’s work in the founding of the discipline. Calling into question the prevailing narrative of how sociology developed, Morris, a major scholar of social movements, probes the way in which the history of the discipline has traditionally given credit to Robert E. Park at the University of Chicago, who worked with the conservative black leader Booker T. Washington to render Du Bois invisible. Morris uncovers the seminal theoretical work of Du Bois in developing a “scientific” sociology through a variety of methodologies and examines how the leading scholars of the day disparaged and ignored Du Bois’s work. The Scholar Denied is based on extensive, rigorous primary source research; the book is the result of a decade of research, writing, and revision. In exposing the economic and political factors that marginalized the contributions of Du Bois and enabled Park and his colleagues to be recognized as the “fathers” of the discipline, Morris delivers a wholly new narrative of American intellectual and social history that places one of America’s key intellectuals, W. E. B. Du Bois, at its center. The Scholar Denied is a must-read for anyone interested in American history, racial inequality, and the academy. In challenging our understanding of the past, the book promises to engender debate and discussion. |
guiding questions washington and du bois: Darkwater: Voices from Within the Veil , |
guiding questions washington and du bois: The End of White World Supremacy Malcolm X, 2020-02-11 The classic collection of major speeches, now bundled with an audio download of Malcolm X delivering two of them. Malcolm X remains a touchstone figure for black America and in American culture at large. He gave African Americans not only their consciousness but their history, dignity, and a new pride. No single individual can claim more important responsibility for a social and historical leap forward such as the one sparked in America in the sixties. When, in 1965, Malcolm X was gunned down on the stage of a Harlem theater, America lost one of its most dynamic political thinkers. Yet, as Michael Eric Dyson has observed, “he remains relevant because he spoke presciently to the issues that matter today: black identity, the politics of black rage, the expression of black dissent, the politics of black power, and the importance of consolidating varieties of expressions within black communities—different ideologies and politics—and bringing them together under a banner of functional solidarity.” The End of White World Supremacy contains four major speeches by Malcolm X, including: “Black Man's History,” “The Black Revolution,” “The Old Negro and the New Negro,” and the famous “The Chickens Are Coming Home to Roost” speech (God's Judgment of White America), delivered after the assassination of John F. Kennedy. Several of the speeches include a discussion with the moderator, among whom Adam Clayton Powell, or a question-and-answer with the audience. This new edition bundles with the book an audio download of Malcolm's stirring delivery of “Black Man's History” in Harlem's Temple No.7 and “The Black Revolution” in the Abyssinian Baptist Church. |
guiding questions washington and du bois: Stamped (For Kids) Jason Reynolds, Ibram X. Kendi, 2021-05-11 The #1 New York Times bestseller! This chapter book edition of the #1 New York Times bestseller by luminaries Ibram X. Kendi and Jason Reynolds is an essential introduction to the history of racism and antiracism in America RACE. Uh-oh. The R-word. But actually talking about race is one of the most important things to learn how to do. Adapted from the groundbreaking bestseller Stamped: Racism, Antiracism, and You, this book takes readers on a journey from present to past and back again. Kids will discover where racist ideas came from, identify how they impact America today, and meet those who have fought racism with antiracism. Along the way, they’ll learn how to identify and stamp out racist thoughts in their own lives. Ibram X. Kendi’s research, Jason Reynolds’s and Sonja Cherry-Paul’s writing, and Rachelle Baker’s art come together in this vital read, enhanced with a glossary, timeline, and more. |
guiding questions washington and du bois: Industrial Education for the Negro Booker T. Washington, 2013-04-27 One of the most fundamental and far-reaching deeds that has been accomplished during the last quarter of a century has been that by which the Negro has been helped to find himself and to learn the secrets of civilization—to learn that there are a few simple, cardinal principles upon which a race must start its upward course, unless it would fail, and its last estate be worse than its first.It has been necessary for the Negro to learn the difference between being worked and working—to learn that being worked meant degradation, while working means civilization; that all forms of labor are honorable, and all forms of idleness disgraceful. It has been necessary for him to learn that all races that have got upon their feet have done so largely by laying an economic foundation, and, in general, by beginning in a proper cultivation and ownership of the soil. |
guiding questions washington and du bois: Unsettling Truths Mark Charles, Soong-Chan Rah, 2019-11-05 You cannot discover lands already inhabited. In this prophetic blend of history, theology, and cultural commentary, Mark Charles and Soong-Chan Rah reveal the damaging effects of the Doctrine of Discovery, which institutionalized American triumphalism and white supremacy. This book calls our nation and churches to a truth-telling that will expose past injustices and open the door to conciliation and true community. |
guiding questions washington and du bois: The Negro in Chicago Chicago Commission on Race Relations, 1922 |
guiding questions washington and du bois: The Big Sea Langston Hughes, 2022-08-01 DigiCat Publishing presents to you this special edition of The Big Sea by Langston Hughes. DigiCat Publishing considers every written word to be a legacy of humankind. Every DigiCat book has been carefully reproduced for republishing in a new modern format. The books are available in print, as well as ebooks. DigiCat hopes you will treat this work with the acknowledgment and passion it deserves as a classic of world literature. |
guiding questions washington and du bois: The Future of the Race Henry Louis Gates, Jr., Cornel West, 2011-07-20 Almost one-hundred years ago, W.E.B. Du Bois proposed the notion of the talented tenth, an African American elite that would serve as leaders and models for the larger black community. In this unprecedented collaboration, Henry Louis Gates, Jr., and Cornel West--two of Du Bois's most prominent intellectual descendants--reassess that relationship and its implications for the future of black Americans. If the 1990s are the best of times for the heirs of the Talented Tenth, they are unquestionably worse for the growing black underclass. As they examine the origins of this widening gulf and propose solutions for it, Gates and West combine memoir and biography, social analysis and cultural survey into a book that is incisive and compassionate, cautionary and deeply stirring. Today's most public African American intellectual voices...West and Gates have made a valuable contribution.--Julian Bond, Philadelphia Inquirer Brilliant...a social, cultural and political blueprint...that attempts to illumine the future path for blacks and American democracy.--New York Daily News Henry Louis Gates., Jr., and Cornel West are among the most renowned American intellectuals of our time.--New York Times Book Review |
guiding questions washington and du bois: Some Efforts of American Negroes for Their Own Social Betterment William Edward Burghardt Du Bois, 1898 |
guiding questions washington and du bois: W.E.B. Du Bois David Levering Lewis, 2009-08-04 The two-time Pulitzer Prize–winning biography of W. E. B. Du Bois from renowned scholar David Levering Lewis, now in one condensed and updated volume William Edward Burghardt Du Bois—the premier architect of the civil rights movement in America—was a towering and controversial personality, a fiercely proud individual blessed with the language of the poet and the impatience of the agitator. Now, David Levering Lewis has carved one volume out of his superlative two-volume biography of this monumental figure that set the standard for historical scholarship on this era. In his magisterial prose, Lewis chronicles Du Bois’s long and storied career, detailing the momentous contributions to our national character that still echo today. W.E.B. Du Bois is a 1993 and 2000 National Book Award Finalist for Nonfiction and the winner of the 1994 and 2001 Pulitzer Prize for Biography. |
guiding questions washington and du bois: W.E.B. Du Bois Brian L. Johnson, 2008-09-05 Brian L. Johnson's remarkable biography of W.E.B. Du Bois describes the evolution of religious views from Du Bois's birth until his resignation as editor of Crisis magazine in 1934. W.E.B. Du Bois: Toward Agnosticism, 1868-1934 traces Du Bois's mounting skepticism through his earliest church experiences to his sociological training in Berlin culminating with his writings in Crisis magazine. Johnson argues that despite Du Bois's frequent use of Protestant religious rhetoric, the mature Du Bois was a critic of African American religious organizations and their leaders, and a scientifically oriented agnostic who did not adhere to any religious orthodoxy. |
guiding questions washington and du bois: The New Negro Alain Locke, 1925 |
guiding questions washington and du bois: The Freedmen's bureau (1928) William Edward Burghardt Du Bois, |
guiding questions washington and du bois: Toward a New Vision Patricia Hill Collins, 1989 |
guiding questions washington and du bois: Booker T. Washington Louis R. Harlan, 1986-12-04 The most powerful black American of his time, this book captures him at his zenith and reveals his complex personality. |
guiding questions washington and du bois: The Official Guide for GMAT Verbal Review 2016 with Online Question Bank and Exclusive Video GMAC (Graduate Management Admission Council), 2015-06-01 Ace the GMAT® with the only official study guides from the creators of the exam With 25% brand new content, The Official Guide for the GMAT Verbal Review 2016 is the only official study guide focusing on the verbal portion of the GMAT® exam. It delivers more than 300 retired questions from the GMAT®, complete with answer explanations to help focus your test preparation efforts. Also includes exclusive online resources: Build your own practice tests with exclusive online access to 300 reading comprehension, critical reasoning, and sentence correction questions from official GMAT® exams Exclusive access to videos with insight and tips on GMAT preparation from previous test-takers and from the officials who create the test |
guiding questions washington and du bois: The Moon Illustrated Weekly Paul G. Partington, 1986 |
GUIDING Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of GUIDE is one that leads or directs another's way. How to use guide in a sentence.
GUIDING | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
GUIDING definition: 1. present participle of guide 2. to show someone how to do something difficult: 3. to show people…. Learn more.
Guiding - definition of guiding by The Free Dictionary
Define guiding. guiding synonyms, guiding pronunciation, guiding translation, English dictionary definition of guiding. n. 1. a. One who shows the way by leading, directing, or advising. b. One …
Guiding - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms - Vocabulary.com
Vocabulary.com works through synonyms, antonyms, and sentence usage. It makes students learn the word for life, not just regurgitate it for a test and then purge it from their memory. …
186 Synonyms & Antonyms for GUIDING - Thesaurus.com
Find 186 different ways to say GUIDING, along with antonyms, related words, and example sentences at Thesaurus.com.
guiding adjective - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage …
Definition of guiding adjective in Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Meaning, pronunciation, picture, example sentences, grammar, usage notes, synonyms and more.
What does Guiding mean? - Definitions.net
Guiding refers to the process of leading, directing, influencing or advising someone or a group in making decisions, or choosing certain actions or behavior, often based on knowledge, …
GUIDING definition in American English - Collins Online Dictionary
GUIDING definition: to lead the way for (a person) | Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples in American English
guiding - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
guiding (countable and uncountable, plural guidings) Butler was ready to consider any proposition which would save her; but it must be a sound one—one not open to her whimsical moods or …
Guide vs. Guiding - What's the Difference? | This vs. That
Guide and guiding are two terms that are often used interchangeably, but they actually have distinct meanings. A guide is a person who provides assistance, direction, or information to …
GUIDING Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of GUIDE is one that leads or directs another's way. How to use guide in a sentence.
GUIDING | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
GUIDING definition: 1. present participle of guide 2. to show someone how to do something difficult: 3. to show people…. Learn more.
Guiding - definition of guiding by The Free Dictionary
Define guiding. guiding synonyms, guiding pronunciation, guiding translation, English dictionary definition of guiding. n. 1. a. One who shows the way by leading, directing, or advising. b. One …
Guiding - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms - Vocabulary.com
Vocabulary.com works through synonyms, antonyms, and sentence usage. It makes students learn the word for life, not just regurgitate it for a test and then purge it from their memory. …
186 Synonyms & Antonyms for GUIDING - Thesaurus.com
Find 186 different ways to say GUIDING, along with antonyms, related words, and example sentences at Thesaurus.com.
guiding adjective - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage …
Definition of guiding adjective in Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Meaning, pronunciation, picture, example sentences, grammar, usage notes, synonyms and more.
What does Guiding mean? - Definitions.net
Guiding refers to the process of leading, directing, influencing or advising someone or a group in making decisions, or choosing certain actions or behavior, often based on knowledge, …
GUIDING definition in American English - Collins Online Dictionary
GUIDING definition: to lead the way for (a person) | Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples in American English
guiding - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
guiding (countable and uncountable, plural guidings) Butler was ready to consider any proposition which would save her; but it must be a sound one—one not open to her whimsical moods or …
Guide vs. Guiding - What's the Difference? | This vs. That
Guide and guiding are two terms that are often used interchangeably, but they actually have distinct meanings. A guide is a person who provides assistance, direction, or information to …