From The Soil The Foundations Of Chinese Society

  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: From the Soil Xiaotong Fei, Gary G. Hamilton, Wang Zheng, 1992-08-28 A lucid and fascinating work about Chinese society and values. Fei's account of how China differs from the West is every bit as telling now as it was when this book was first published almost half a century ago.—Orville Schell What are the fundamental characteristics of Chinese society and how does it differ from the West? In From the Soil, China's foremost sociologist offered his insights, based on fieldwork in China and residence in the West, into this fascinating question. Vivid and clearly written, it has long been a classic of Chinese sociology, widely read by Chinese. It is wonderful finally to have it available in English.—David Arkush, University of Iowa
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: From the soil , 1992
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: From the Soil, the Foundations of Chinese Society Xiaotong Fei, Gary G. Hamilton, Zheng Wang, 1992 A lucid and fascinating work about Chinese society and values. Fei's account of how China differs from the West is every bit as telling now as it was when this book was first published almost half a century ago.--Orville Schell What are the fundamental characteristics of Chinese society and how does it differ from the West? In From the Soil, China's foremost sociologist offered his insights, based on fieldwork in China and residence in the West, into this fascinating question. Vivid and clearly written, it has long been a classic of Chinese sociology, widely read by Chinese. It is wonderful finally to have it available in English.--David Arkush, University of Iowa
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: From the Soil Xiaotong Fei, 1992-08-28 This classic text by Fei Xiaotong, China's finest social scientist, was first published in 1947 and is Fei's chief theoretical statement about the distinctive characteristics of Chinese society. Written in Chinese from a Chinese point of view for a Chinese audience, From the Soil describes the contrasting organizational principles of Chinese and Western societies, thereby conveying the essential features of both. Fei shows how these unique features reflect and are reflected in the moral and ethical characters of people in these societies. This profound, challenging book is both succinct and accessible. In its first complete English-language edition, it is likely to have a wide impact on Western social theorists. Gary G. Hamilton and Wang Zheng's translation captures Fei's jargonless, straightforward style of writing. Their introduction describes Fei's education and career as a sociologist, the fate of his writings on and off the Mainland, and the sociological significance of his analysis. The translators' epilogue highlights the social reforms for China that Fei drew from his analysis and advocated in a companion text written in the same period.
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: From the Soil Xiaotong Fei, 1992
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: Fei Xiaotong and Sociology in Revolutionary China R. David Arkush, 2020-03-17 This biographical study of one of China's leading social scientists follows his life history, and includes a bibliography of his books and articles. Trained in London under Malinowski, Fei Xiaotong achieved eminence in the 1930s and 1940s for his pioneering studies of Chinese peasant life and for his popular articles, which stirred a wide audience in China to an awareness of social and political problems. A non-Marxist who came to sympathize with the Communists, Fei was gradually constrained in his activities after the Revolution until, in the 1950s, a massive propaganda campaign vilified him as a bourgeois rightist intellectual. Almost twenty years of silence and disgrace followed. Following the death of Mao, Fei suddenly reemerged as a leader in the effort to revitalize the social sciences in China. The story of Fei's life told here is, in a sense, the story of Westernized intellectuals in China at a time of peasant revolution. His writings enunciate the views of a sensitive observer of Chinese and Western society during that period of dramatic change.
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: 乡土中国 费孝通, 2012
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: China's Gentry Hsiao-tung Fei, Xiaotong Fei, 1980-09-15 These seven essays on the structure of Chinese society are based on articles contributed by Fei to Chinese newspapers in 1947 and 1948. Six case histories from a study of the gentry by Yung-teh Chow are appended. The chief interest and charm of this book lie in the fact that it is not directed to the Western reader; these were studies written in Chinese, by an erudite Chinese, for a Chinese public. . . . Mrs. Redfield is to be complimented for her own careful research in preparing this translation for a non-Chinese public.—Robert F. Spencer, American Anthropologist
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: Peasant Life in China Xiaotong Fei, 1945 A fascinating insight into the life of the vast majority of Chinese people at the end of 19th century. Many of the earliest books, particularly those dating back to the 1900s.
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: Gifts, Favors, and Banquets Mayfair Mei-Hui Yang, 2016-12-01 An elaborate and pervasive set of practices, called guanxi, underlies everyday social relationships in contemporary China. Obtaining and changing job assignments, buying certain foods and consumer items, getting into good hospitals, buying train tickets, obtaining housing, even doing business—all such tasks call for the skillful and strategic giving of gifts and cultivating of obligation, indebtedness, and reciprocity. Mayfair Mei-hui Yang's close scrutiny of this phenomenon serves as a window to view facets of a much broader and more complex cultural, historical, and political formation. Using rich and varied ethnographic examples of guanxi stemming from her fieldwork in China in the 1980s and 1990s, the author shows how this gift economy operates in the larger context of the socialist state redistributive economy.
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: The Coming Collapse of China Gordon G. Chang, 2001-07-31 China is hot. The world sees a glorious future for this sleeping giant, three times larger than the United States, predicting it will blossom into the world's biggest economy by 2010. According to Chang, however, a Chinese-American lawyer and China specialist, the People's Republic is a paper dragon. Peer beneath the veneer of modernization since Mao's death, and the symptoms of decay are everywhere: Deflation grips the economy, state-owned enterprises are failing, banks are hopelessly insolvent, foreign investment continues to decline, and Communist party corruption eats away at the fabric of society. Beijing's cautious reforms have left the country stuck midway between communism and capitalism, Chang writes. With its impending World Trade Organization membership, for the first time China will be forced to open itself to foreign competition, which will shake the country to its foundations. Economic failure will be followed by government collapse. Covering subjects from party politics to the Falun Gong to the government's insupportable position on Taiwan, Chang presents a thorough and very chilling overview of China's present and not-so-distant future.
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: Women in the Chinese Enlightenment Zheng Wang, 1999-07-05 Rarely does a reviewer or publisher encounter a milestone: this is it. It is the first major study of the development of Chinese feminism in what is arguably the most formative period in the history of modern China. In its women-centered approach, the book challenges the official women's history authored by the Chinese Communist Party and long accepted by Euro-American scholars. This book will set the agenda for future scholars researching the relationship between feminism and nationalism in China.—Dorothy Ko, author of Teachers of the Inner Chambers
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: A Century of Change in a Chinese Village Lin Juren, Xie Yuxi, 2018-05-04 Over the last half century, China has evolved from a poor rural country to a geopolitical powerhouse. Rapid urbanization has been at the heart of that transformation, and as migrant laborers have left their villages, what has become of the rural communities that were once the center of economic, social, and cultural life? And how do contemporary Chinese scholars understand those changes? These are the questions that this compelling book answers. Lengshuigou village, located near the Shandong provincial capital of Jinan, was first studied by Japanese social scientists in the early 1940s and then again in the 1980s and 1990s. Building on these rich surveys, this book traces changes from the early twentieth century to the present day in family and lineage, social stratification, personal networks, annual and life cycle rituals, village politics, and elite formation. Drawing on their own large-scale survey of contemporary village households, the authors analyze the physical and institutional changes that have altered the community, as well as the shifts in interpersonal relations and attitudes that have upended centuries-old systems of patriarchy and generational order. This important book presents, for the first time in English, analysis by Chinese sociologists on the radical transformation of Chinese rural society.
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: Guanxi, How China Works Yanjie Bian, 2019-03-04 How do social relations, or guanxi, matter in China today and how can this distinctive form of personal connection be better understood? In Guanxi: How China Works, Yanjie Bian analyzes the forms, dynamics, and impacts of guanxi relations in reform-era China, and shows them to be a crucial part of the puzzle of how Chinese society operates. Rich in original studies and insightful analyses, this concise book offers a critical synthesis of guanxi research, including its empirical controversies and theoretical debates. Bian skillfully illustrates the growing importance of guanxi in diverse areas such as personal network building, employment and labor markets, informal business relationships, and the broader political sphere, highlighting guanxi’s central value in China's contemporary social structure. A definitive statement on the topic from a top authority on the sociology of guanxi, this book is an excellent classroom introduction for courses on China, a useful reference for guanxi researchers, and ideal reading for anyone interested in Chinese culture and society.
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: The Individualization of Chinese Society Yunxiang Yan, 2020-08-19 Chinese society has seen phenomenal change in the last 30 years. Two of the most profound changes have been the rise of the individual in both public and private spheres and the consequent individualization of Chinese society itself. Yet, despite China's recent dramatic entrance into global politics and economics, neither of these significant shifts has been fully analysed. China may indeed present an alternative model of social transformation in the age of globalisation - so its path to development may have particular implications for the developing world.The Individualization of Chinese Society reveals how individual agency has been on the rise since the 1970s and how this has impacted on everyday life and Chinese society more broadly. The book presents a wide range of detailed case studies - on the impact of economic policy, patterns of kinship, changes in marriage relations and the socio-economic position of women, the development of youth culture, the politics of consumerism, and shifting power relations in everyday life.
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: China's Influence and American Interests Larry Diamond, Orville Schell, 2019-08-01 While Americans are generally aware of China's ambitions as a global economic and military superpower, few understand just how deeply and assertively that country has already sought to influence American society. As the authors of this volume write, it is time for a wake-up call. In documenting the extent of Beijing's expanding influence operations inside the United States, they aim to raise awareness of China's efforts to penetrate and sway a range of American institutions: state and local governments, academic institutions, think tanks, media, and businesses. And they highlight other aspects of the propagandistic “discourse war” waged by the Chinese government and Communist Party leaders that are less expected and more alarming, such as their view of Chinese Americans as members of a worldwide Chinese diaspora that owes undefined allegiance to the so-called Motherland.Featuring ideas and policy proposals from leading China specialists, China's Influence and American Interests argues that a successful future relationship requires a rebalancing toward greater transparency, reciprocity, and fairness. Throughout, the authors also strongly state the importance of avoiding casting aspersions on Chinese and on Chinese Americans, who constitute a vital portion of American society. But if the United States is to fare well in this increasingly adversarial relationship with China, Americans must have a far better sense of that country's ambitions and methods than they do now.
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: Chinese Thought Roel Sterckx, 2019-03-28 Shortlisted for the PEN Hessel-Tiltman Prize 'A terrific book, rich and endlessly thought provoking. . . If you are looking for one book to understand the core ideas of Chinese civilisation, read this' - Michael Wood An engrossing history of ancient Chinese philosophy and culture from an eminent Cambridge expert We are often told that the twenty-first century is bound to become China's century. Never before has Chinese culture been so physically, digitally, economically or aesthetically present in everyday Western life. But how much do we really know about its origins and key beliefs? How did the ancient Chinese think about the world? In this enlightening book, Roel Sterckx, one of the foremost experts in Chinese thought, takes us through centuries of Chinese history, from Confucius to Daoism to the Legalists. The great questions that have occupied China's brightest minds were not about who and what we are, but rather how we should live our lives, how we should organise society and how we can secure the well-being of those who live with us and for whom we carry responsibility. With evocative examples from philosophy, literature and everyday life, Sterckx shows us how the ancient Chinese have shaped the thinking of a civilization that is now influencing our own.
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: A Chinese Mirror Henry Rosemont, 1991 Henry Rosemont raises hard questions, commonly overlooked, and does so with sensitivity, compassion, and broad understanding. The questions focus on modern China, but extend far beyond, to general problems of development, the moral foundations of civilization, and the nature of a just society. It is a challenging and thoughtful enquiry. --Noam Chomsky
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: Asia's New Battlefield Richard Javad Heydarian, 2015-11-15 This compact, insightful book offers an up-to-the-minute guide to understanding the evolution of maritime territorial disputes in East Asia, exploring their legal, political-security and economic dimensions against the backdrop of a brewing Sino-American rivalry for hegemony in the Asia-Pacific region. It traces the decades-long evolution of Sino-American relations in Asia, and how this pivotal relationship has been central to prosperity and stability in one of the most dynamics regions of the world. It also looks at how middle powers – from Japan and Australia to India and South Korea – have joined the fray, trying to shape the trajectory of the territorial disputes in the Western Pacific, which can, in turn, alter the future of Asia – and ignite an international war that could re-configure the global order. The book examines how the maritime disputes have become a litmus test of China’s rise, whether it has and will be peaceful or not, and how smaller powers such as Vietnam and the Philippines have been resisting Beijing’s territorial ambitions. Drawing on extensive discussions and interviews with experts and policy-makers across the Asia-Pacific region, the book highlights the growing geopolitical significance of the East and South China Sea disputes to the future of Asia – providing insights into how the so-called Pacific century will shape up.
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: Finding Women in the State Wang Zheng, 2016-11-01 Finding Women in the State is a provocative hidden history of socialist state feminists maneuvering behind the scenes at the core of the Chinese Communist Party. These women worked to advance gender and class equality in the early PeopleÕs Republic and fought to transform sexist norms and practices, all while facing fierce opposition from a male-dominated CCP leadership from the Party Central to the local government. Wang Zheng extends this investigation to the cultural realm, showing how feminists within ChinaÕs film industry were working to actively create new cinematic heroines, and how they continued a New Culture anti-patriarchy heritage in socialist film production. This book illuminates not only the different visions of revolutionary transformation but also the dense entanglements among those in the top echelon of the party. Wang discusses the causes for failure of ChinaÕs socialist revolution and raises fundamental questions about male dominance in social movements that aim to pursue social justice and equality. This is the first book engendering the PRC high politics and has important theoretical and methodological implications for scholars and students working in gender studies as well as China studies.
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: China's Gilded Age Yuen Yuen Ang, 2020-05-28 Why has China grown so fast for so long despite vast corruption? In China's Gilded Age, Yuen Yuen Ang maintains that all corruption is harmful, but not all types of corruption hurt growth. Ang unbundles corruption into four varieties: petty theft, grand theft, speed money, and access money. While the first three types impede growth, access money - elite exchanges of power and profit - cuts both ways: it stimulates investment and growth but produces serious risks for the economy and political system. Since market opening, corruption in China has evolved toward access money. Using a range of data sources, the author explains the evolution of Chinese corruption, how it differs from the West and other developing countries, and how Xi's anti-corruption campaign could affect growth and governance. In this formidable yet accessible book, Ang challenges one-dimensional measures of corruption. By unbundling the problem and adopting a comparative-historical lens, she reveals that the rise of capitalism was not accompanied by the eradication of corruption, but rather by its evolution from thuggery and theft to access money. In doing so, she changes the way we think about corruption and capitalism, not only in China but around the world.
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: The Water Kingdom Philip Ball, 2017-05-05 From the Yangtze to the Yellow River, China is traversed by great waterways, which have defined its politics and ways of life for centuries. Water has been so integral to China’s culture, economy, and growth and development that it provides a window on the whole sweep of Chinese history. In The Water Kingdom, renowned writer Philip Ball opens that window to offer an epic and powerful new way of thinking about Chinese civilization. Water, Ball shows, is a key that unlocks much of Chinese culture. In The Water Kingdom, he takes us on a grand journey through China’s past and present, showing how the complexity and energy of the country and its history repeatedly come back to the challenges, opportunities, and inspiration provided by the waterways. Drawing on stories from travelers and explorers, poets and painters, bureaucrats and activists, all of whom have been influenced by an environment shaped and permeated by water, Ball explores how the ubiquitous relationship of the Chinese people to water has made it an enduring metaphor for philosophical thought and artistic expression. From the Han emperors to Mao, the ability to manage the waters ? to provide irrigation and defend against floods ? was a barometer of political legitimacy, often resulting in engineering works on a gigantic scale. It is a struggle that continues today, as the strain of economic growth on water resources may be the greatest threat to China’s future. The Water Kingdom offers an unusual and fascinating history, uncovering just how much of China’s art, politics, and outlook have been defined by the links between humanity and nature.
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: Guanxi, Social Capital and School Choice in China Ji Ruan, 2016-11-01 This book focuses on the use of guanxi (Chinese personal connections) in everyday urban life: in particular, how and why people develop different types of social capital in their guanxi networks and the role of guanxi in school choice. Guanxi takes on a special significance in Chinese societies, and is widely-discussed and intensely-studied phenomenon today. In recent years in China, the phenomenon of parents using guanxi to acquire school places for their children has been frequently reported by the media, against the background of the Chinese Communist Party’s crackdown on corruption. From a sociological perspective, this book reveals how and why parents manage to do so. Ritual capital refers to an individual's ability to use ritual to benefit and gain resources from guanxi.
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: China Inside Out P l Ny¡ri, Joana Breidenbach, 2005-01-01 The war on terror has generated a scramble for expertise on Islamic or Asian culture and revived support for area studies, but it has done so at the cost of reviving the kinds of dangerous generalizations that area studies have rightly been accused of. This book provides a much-needed perspective on area studies, a perspective that is attentive to both manifestations of traditional culture and the new global relationships in which they are being played out. The authors shake off the shackles of the orientalist legacy but retain a close reading of local processes. They challenge the boundaries of China and question its study from different perspectives, but believe that area studies have a role to play if their geographies are studied according to certain common problems. In the case of China, the book shows the diverse array of critical but solidly grounded research approaches that can be used in studying a society. Its approach neither trivializes nor dismisses the elusive effects of culture, and it pays attention to both the state and the multiplicity of voices that challenge it.
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: Slope Stability, Retaining Walls, and Foundations Louis Ge, Jinyuan Liu, Zhaoyi He, James -C. Ni, 2009 This Geotechnical Special Publication contains 35 peer-reviewed technical papers presented at the GeoHunan International Conference: Challenges and Recent Advances in Pavement Technologies and Transportation Geotechnics, which took place in Changsha, Hunan, China, from August 3 to 6, 2009. This proceedings examines topics such as: Ø soil stabilization Ø dynamic behavior of soils and foundations Ø earth retaining walls Ø slope stability This publication will be valuable to geotechnical engineering professors and students, as well as geotechnical engineers and professionals
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: Ground Improvement and Geosynthetics Jie Huang, Anand J. Puppala, Laureano R. Hoyos, 2010
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Maosong Huang, Xiong Yu, Yu Huang, American Society of Civil Engineers. Geo-Institute, 2010 Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering (GSP 201) contains 43 papers which examine a variety of topics in soil dynamics and earthquake engineering. This Geotechnical Special Publication is divided into three groups: the dynamic soil-structural interactions under seismic loads, the dynamic properties of soils and rocks, and seismic zoning and earthquake hazard assessment. These papers cover important issues such as the dynamic responses of earth dams, pile and pile groups, soil nailing, tunnel, landfills and shallow foundations. The papers in this publication were presented during the GeoShanghai 2010 International Conference held in Shanghai, China, June 3-5, 2010.
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: An Anatomy of Chinese Perry Link, 2013-02-15 Rhythms, conceptual metaphors, and political language convey meanings of which Chinese speakers themselves may not be aware. Link’s Anatomy of Chinese contributes to the debate over whether language shapes thought or vice versa, and its comparison of English with Chinese lends support to theories that locate the origins of language in the brain.
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: Technology and Practice in Geotechnical Engineering Adeyeri, Joseph B., 2014-09-30 Knowledge surrounding the behavior of earth materials is important to a number of industries, including the mining and construction industries. Further research into the field of geotechnical engineering can assist in providing the tools necessary to analyze the condition and properties of the earth. Technology and Practice in Geotechnical Engineering brings together theory and practical application, thus offering a unified and thorough understanding of soil mechanics. Highlighting illustrative examples, technological applications, and theoretical and foundational concepts, this book is a crucial reference source for students, practitioners, contractors, architects, and builders interested in the functions and mechanics of sedimentary materials.
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: Sustainability Tom Theis, Jonathan Tomkin, 2018-01-23 With Sustainability: A Comprehensive Foundation, first and second-year college students are introduced to this expanding new field, comprehensively exploring the essential concepts from every branch of knowldege - including engineering and the applied arts, natural and social sciences, and the humanities. As sustainability is a multi-disciplinary area of study, the text is the product of multiple authors drawn from the diverse faculty of the University of Illinois: each chapter is written by a recognized expert in the field.
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: The Tyranny of History William John Francis Jenner, 1994 The author examines China's political, economic and social structures which have resulted in a culture that has stifled creative thinking - He argues that China has been both held together and held back by its extreme deference to history - Boxer movement - Cultural Revolution - Great Leap Forward.
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: Economic Success of Chinese Merchants in Southeast Asia Janet Tai Landa, 2016-11-30 This book provides an original analysis of the economic success of Overseas Chinese merchants in Southeast Asia: The ethnically homogeneous group of Chinese middlemen is an informal, low-cost organization for the provision of club goods, e.g. contract enforcement, that are essential to merchants’ success. The author’s theory - and various extensions, with emphasis on kinship and other trust relationships - draws on economics and the other social sciences, and beyond to evolutionary biology. Empirical material from her fieldwork forms the basis for developing her unique, integrative and transdisciplinary theoretical framework, with important policy implications for understanding ethnic conflict in multiethnic societies where minority groups dominate merchant roles.
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: China and the International System, 1840-1949 David Scott, 2008-11-07 Examines the images, hopes, and fears that were evoked during China’s century-long subservience to external powers.
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: China’s Grand Strategy Andrew Scobell, Edmund J. Burke, Cortez A. Cooper III, Sale Lilly, Chad J. R. Ohlandt, Eric Warner, J.D. Williams, 2020-07-27 To explore what extended competition between the United States and China might entail out to 2050, the authors of this report identified and characterized China’s grand strategy, analyzed its component national strategies (diplomacy, economics, science and technology, and military affairs), and assessed how successful China might be at implementing these over the next three decades.
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: Kao Gong Ji , 2019-12-09 In Kao Gong Ji: The World’s Oldest Encyclopaedia of Technologies, Guan Zengjian and Konrad Herrmann offer an English translation and commentary of the first technological encyclopaedia in China. This work came into being around the 5th century C.E. and contains descriptions of thirty technologies used at the time. Most prominent are bronze casting, the manufacture of carriages and weapons, a metrological standard, the making of musical instruments, and the planning of cities. The technologies, including the manufacturing process and quality assurance, are based on standardization and modularization. In several commentaries, the editors show to which degree the descriptions of Kao Gong Ji correspond to archaeological findings. Revised and updated translation from the Chinese edition:《考工记: 翻译与评注》(ISBN: 978-7-313-12133-2) by Guan Zengjian, © Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press 2014. Published by Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press.
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: The Chinese Greenhouse Dan Chiras, 2020-11-03 “A prescription for survival in this gorgeously illustrated and accessible guide to the future of farming.” —Albert Bates, author of The Biochar Solution Grow vegetables year-round in a greenhouse powered only by solar energy! Originally developed in China to feed millions, Chinese greenhouses are earth-sheltered, solar-heated, east-west oriented, intelligently glazed, and well-insulated. They have proven highly effective in growing warm-weather vegetables and fruits like green peppers and tomatoes in cold climates through fall, winter, and early spring using passive solar energy as the sole heat source. The Chinese Greenhouse is a full-color comprehensive guide to these passive solar greenhouses for self-sufficiency and growing year-round in soil or aquaponic grow beds with no additional heat. Coverage includes: How to design, build, and operate a Chinese greenhouse How to improve performance via short-term and long-term heat banking How to provide additional heat to make your greenhouse operate even more effectively How to cool the greenhouse during the summer. Become a more self-sufficient gardener, growing and harvesting a variety of fresh fruits and vegetables year-round, with your own Chinese greenhouse. “Wonderfully researched . . . brilliant.” —Jean-Martin Fortier, farmer and author of The Market Gardener, editor of Growers Magazine “Essential reading for pioneers of Chinese greenhouses.” —Pam Dawling, author of The Year-Round Hoophouse and Sustainable Market Farming “Every enthusiastic vegetable farmer dreams of this winter-growing miracle, and Dan shows how to do it.” —Shawna Coronado, author of 101 Organic Gardening Hacks
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: Culture and Order in World Politics Andrew Phillips, Christian Reus-Smit, 2020-01-09 Provides a new framework for reconceptualizing the historical and contemporary relationship between cultural diversity, political authority, and international order.
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: On Their Own Terms Benjamin A. Elman, 2009-07-01 In On Their Own Terms, Benjamin A. Elman offers a much-needed synthesis of early Chinese science during the Jesuit period (1600-1800) and the modern sciences as they evolved in China under Protestant influence (1840s-1900). By 1600 Europe was ahead of Asia in producing basic machines, such as clocks, levers, and pulleys, that would be necessary for the mechanization of agriculture and industry. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, Elman shows, Europeans still sought from the Chinese their secrets of producing silk, fine textiles, and porcelain, as well as large-scale tea cultivation. Chinese literati borrowed in turn new algebraic notations of Hindu-Arabic origin, Tychonic cosmology, Euclidian geometry, and various computational advances. Since the middle of the nineteenth century, imperial reformers, early Republicans, Guomindang party cadres, and Chinese Communists have all prioritized science and technology. In this book, Elman gives a nuanced account of the ways in which native Chinese science evolved over four centuries, under the influence of both Jesuit and Protestant missionaries. In the end, he argues, the Chinese produced modern science on their own terms.
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: China: Promise Or Threat? Horst J. Helle, 2017-11-14 An insightful socio-cultural analysis of the differences in Chinese and Western relationships to the public and the private spheres.
  from the soil the foundations of chinese society: Making Of An Economic Superpower, The: Unlocking China's Secret Of Rapid Industrialization Yi Wen, 2016-05-13 The rise of China is no doubt one of the most important events in world economic history since the Industrial Revolution. Mainstream economics, especially the institutional theory of economic development based on a dichotomy of extractive vs. inclusive political institutions, is highly inadequate in explaining China's rise. This book argues that only a radical reinterpretation of the history of the Industrial Revolution and the rise of the West (as incorrectly portrayed by the institutional theory) can fully explain China's growth miracle and why the determined rise of China is unstoppable despite its current 'backward' financial system and political institutions. Conversely, China's spectacular and rapid transformation from an impoverished agrarian society to a formidable industrial superpower sheds considerable light on the fundamental shortcomings of the institutional theory and mainstream 'blackboard' economic models, and provides more-accurate reevaluations of historical episodes such as Africa's enduring poverty trap despite radical political and economic reforms, Latin America's lost decades and frequent debt crises, 19th century Europe's great escape from the Malthusian trap, and the Industrial Revolution itself.
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Systems of irrigation farming have existed for thousands of years in many parts of the world. Their natural foundations included peculi. rities of climate, soil, lay of the land, available water, …

Fei Xiaotong's Comparative Theory of Chinese Culture: Its ... - CBS
From the Soil. The Foundations of Chinese Society, see note 2), Fei develops a theory of Chinese and Western culture that builds on the idea that the patterns of group formation differ cross …

Introduction: State and Society in China
From the Soil: The Foundations of Chinese Society. California: University of California Press. 4 Tong, Y. (2011). Morality, benevolence, and responsibility: Regime legitimacy in China from …

ANTH 2410B/UGEA 2180B Chinese Culture and Society Summer …
approach to examining Chinese culture and society. Some of the questions we raise include: What makes a certain culture ‘Chinese’? What does it mean to be Chinese? What role does …

ANTH 2410B/UGEA 2180B Chinese Culture and Society Fall 2019
“Special Characteristics of Rural Society,” and “Chaxu Geju: The Differential Mode of Association.” In From the Soil: The Foundations of Chinese Society. G.G. Hamilton and Z. …

Rediscovering Fei Xiaotong: Blending Indigenous Chinese
Based primarily on Fei’s seminal work, From the Soil, this article uses the for-mulation and subsequent contemporary application of the concept of Chaxugeju, or diferential mode of …

Settlement Mode Analysis for An Immersed Tube Tunnel
Settlement Mode Analysis for An Immersed Tube Tunnel Considering A Nonuniform Foundation Under Tidal Load WANG Yan-ninga, b, *, ZHOU Huan-zhua, WANG Le-chena a Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China b State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, China University of Mining …

Improvement in bearing capacity of soil by geogrid - an …
The interaction between the geogrid and soil is very complex. Jewell et al. (1985) identified three main mechanisms of interaction between soils and geogrid: (1) soil shearing on plane surfaces of the grids, (2) soil bearing on lateral surfaces of the grids, and (3) soil shearing over soils through the apertures of the grids. The first two are the

Bearing capacity of reinforced soil under a strip ... - Geosynthetics
mechanisms contributing to the increase in bearing capacity of reinforced soil foundations: confinement effect and membrane effect (Chen and Abu-Farsakh 2015). For the first mechanism, as loads are applied, lateral forces are induced in the soil, which cause horizontal deformations. Such movements originate rel-

Guide to Foundation Maintenance For Reactive Sites - ACNL
foundation soil. If the foundation soil is reactive it can move if the soil moisture changes. 1.2 All clay soils are reactive to some degree. The movement of reactive clay soils is generally seasonal, with shrinkage in summer caused by drying and volume reduction, and swelling in winter caused by wetting up and volume increase.

The Rheological Analytical Solution and Parameter Inversion of …
rheology studies of soft soil have made great contributions to engineering. Although many studies have been published on the rheological models of soft soil, there is still a lack of analytical solutions. Deformation monitoring of soft soil foundations has made a great contribution to forward analysis and inversion analysis [16].

e Di erential Mode of Association in Contemporary China: An …
In From the Soil: e Foundations of Chinese Society that was published in 1948, the prominent Chinese sociologist Xiaotong Fei coined the term chaxugeju (¨ ø ), or the di erential mode of association, to charac-terize the interpersonal connections of the Chinese.1 is construct is

Shallow Foundations on Geogrid Reinforced Soft Clay
Model circular foundations made of mild steel with a hole at their top centres to accommodate ball bearings were used. Two model circular foundations with diameters of 60mm and 90mm, and with thickness of 20mm were used. The foundations were positioned at the centres of the top soil layers before the tests. The load transferred to the

RETROSPECTIVE OVERVIEW ON DEVELOPMENTS OF ``SOILS AND FOUNDATIONS''
SOILS AND FOUNDATIONS Vol. 50, No. 6, 777–783, Dec. 2010 Japanese Geotechnical Society RETROSPECTIVE OVERVIEW ON DEVELOPMENTS OF ``SOILS AND FOUNDATIONS'' KENJI ISHIHARAi) PREFACE To look back at the traces of thedevelopmentof ``Soils andFoundations''and writeup a synthesizedstory of evolu-tion is, needless to say, beyond the …

ICSE10 - International Society for Soil Mechanics and …
process for a layered soil. The case of sand covered with 3.5 cm of gravel is selected to illustrate the scouring process for a layered soil configuration. In Figure 1, six different stages are indicated: 1. Initial condition of the soil; sand covered by 3.5 cm of gravel. 2.

INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR SOIL MECHANICS AND …
In addition, two horizontal stress profiles are shown as an upper and lower boundary for the SBPM tests, using k0 values of 0.7 and 1.5. The earth pressure coefficient, k0, was determined based on the effec- tive stress ratio (k0 = σ′h / σ′v) using an estimated hydrostatic pore pressure profile and the water table

ISC6 template - International Society for Soil Mechanics and ...
The geology and soil strata are described in detail by Foged et al. (1995). The water depth varies from shallow depth to approximately 30 m along the alignment. The predominant soil units are clay till and sand till with interlacing of meltwater sand. The Upper till shows undrained shear strength increasing with depth from 50 -

INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR SOIL MECHANICS AND …
102 Seotion C: REGIONAL SOIL STUDIES FOR ENGINEERING PURPOSES No. C-k BIBLIOGRAPHY OP SHANGHAI SOIL AND FOUNDATIONS Submitted by The Engineering Sooiety of China Foundations in Shanghai. C. Mayne & W. J. B. Carter. Proc.

INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR SOIL MECHANICS AND …
by taking the soil and interface nonlinear behaviour into account (Gerolymos and Gazetas 2006b). In this study, soil nonlinearity around the caisson foundations were modelled by involving soil nonlinearity, separation and breakdown of the soil-caisson interface bonding, base uplifting, and material softening with large number of cycles.

INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR SOIL MECHANICS AND …
31 Jan 1997 · ABSTRACT: Stiffened raft foundations often prove to be the most economical solution to the construction of small buildings on potentially swelling soil profiles. Various raft design methods have developed in the past, but being empirical imply that they may only apply to local soil and climate conditions.

Soil Organic Carbon Stocks in Deep Soils at a Watershed Scale on …
9 Jun 2015 · 158 Soil Science Society of America Journal tems at site, local, slope, watershed, regional, continental, and global scales (Burnham and Sletten, 2010; Han et al., 2010; Hou

SOME FOUNDATIONS OF CHINESE MEDICINE - MedNexus
Chinese Medical Association Publishing House 1 15 Chinese Medical Journal, 61: 291-298, September-October, 1942. SOME FOUNDATIONS OF CHINESE MEDICINE* EDWARD H. HUME, M.D. This paper is a preliminary attempt to consider briefly some of those deeper foundations on which the structure of Chinese medicine has been erected and to indicate

INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR SOIL MECHANICS AND …
INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR SOIL MECHANICS AND GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING This paper was downloaded from the Online Library of ... Rigorous theoretical solutions to the problem of foundations resting on rock masses do not appear to exist in the literature. This may be attributed to the fact that rock masses are inhomogeneous,

ISC6 template - International Society for Soil Mechanics and ...
the whole Holocene series. Layer 1 is the fill soil. Layers 2-6 are mainly clays, except the sub-layer 2-3, which is a silty sand and not wide spread in Shanghai. The layers beneath layer 7 are alternating sandy and clayey soil strata. Layer 2 is formed of overconsolidated clay which is the supporting strata for most shallow foundations.

INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR SOIL MECHANICS AND …
Rn=b0 ¼ c Nc ic ec;E þ0:5 γ b0 Nγ iγ eγ;E þq Nq iq eq;E ð5Þ where Rn = component of the bearing load normal to the footing base; b´ = modified width of the eccentrically loaded strip footing of width b; γ = unit weight of the soil; c = cohesion; q = lateral surcharge; Nc,Nγ, Nq = bearing capacity factors; ic,iγ, iq = load inclination factors; ec,E,eγ,E,eq,E = soil inertia factors ...

Foundation skills in field soil investigation, description and ...
normally include the ability to describe soil colour (e.g. using a Munsell soil colour chart 2) including mottling, soil texture, the properties of the soil surface, soil structure, consistence and porosity. 5. The enont ct s i s. hand texturing. of particle size distribution in the fine earth, and the description of stones by their

INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR SOIL MECHANICS AND …
20 Jun 2014 · limit values for soil strength and soil weight. The upper limit value for soil weight was used only above the tunnel crown. However, the analytical method did not take any load spreading below the pile tips into account, whereas this would automatically follow from the Plaxis calculations. Therefore, an additional Figure3.

INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR SOIL MECHANICS AND …
displacement (no soil excavation) screw piles. The soil consists of 1.0 m of fill over a deep deposit of stiff over-consolidated Boom clay. No additional surface load was to be considered and hence no downdrag. The ground investigation involved three CPT, two SPT and two pressuremeter (PMT) tests well distributed over the site.

Soil Mechanics And Foundations Punmia - wclc2019.iaslc.org
Soil Mechanics And Foundations Punmia Soil Mechanics And Foundations Punmia The E-book Store, a virtual treasure trove of literary gems, boasts an extensive collection of books spanning varied genres, catering to every readers taste and preference. From captivating fiction and thought-provoking non-fiction to classic classics and modern ...

Journal of the SOIL MECHANICS AND FOUNDATIONS DIVISION …
SOIL MECHANICS AND FOUNDATIONS DIVISION Proceedings of the American Society of Civil Engineers SOIL MECHANICS AND FOUNDATIONS DIVISION COMMITTEE ON PUBLICATIONS Harry B. Seed, Chairman; Hudson L. Matlock; Joseph R. Eustis; Stanley J. Johnson; John Lowe, In; W. G. Shockley; Gerald A. Leonards; Thomas H. Thornburn. …

SBCCA - International Society for Soil Mechanics and …
where qult is the bearing capacity, i.e. the ultimate load that the soil can sustain under the assumption of rigid plastic behaviour. Nc, Nq and Nγ are the bearing capacity factors, depending on the angle of shear strength ϕ of the soil; γ and c are the unit weight and the cohesion of the soil, respectively; B is the width

Provided by the Soil Science Society of America
6 Soils serve as engineering media for construction of foundations, roadbeds, dams and build-ings, and preserve or destroy artifacts of human endeavors. ... Soil Science Society of America www.soils.org Resources Information for this overview was gathered from Soil! Get the Inside Scoop book, a publication of the Soil

INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR SOIL MECHANICS AND …
INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR SOIL MECHANICS AND GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING This paper was downloaded from the Online Library of ... Vesic, A.S. 1973. Analysis of ultimate loads of shallow foundations. Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division, ASCE, 99(1), 45-73. Yetimoglu, T., Wu, J.T.H. and Saglamer, A. 1994. Bearing capacity of

INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR SOIL MECHANICS AND …
depths. Soil compression is produced during ramming by vibra-tion, but principallyby sidewise displacement of the soil. 2.2 Case Study No. 2 This project is an analysis of the foundation of a 6-story apart-ment building located in the city of Vitoria, capital of the state Espirito Santo, Brazil. Severalsoil borings were performed to

INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR SOIL MECHANICS AND …
deformation characteristics of soil (i.e., the maximum shear modulus, G o). The entire soil deformation characteristics could be established by combining the V S and laboratory tests. Hence, the V S can be used as a key soil property for the deformation analysis of soil-foundation systems. This study aims to develop a new approach for predicting

INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR SOIL MECHANICS AND …
the International Society of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, concerning the practice in Japan for prevention of landslides by steel pipes. 3. State-of-the-art report on dynamic ... Behavior of Pile Foundations by M. Hakuno, T. Iwasaki and F. Tatsuoka. 24. Dynamic Behavior of a Laterally Loaded Pile by T. Kobori, R. Minai, K. Baba.

INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR SOIL MECHANICS AND …
30 Jan 2001 · INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR SOIL MECHANICS AND GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING This paper was downloaded from the Online Library of ... foundations, values between 2 and 3.5 have been used. Figure 2.1 shows typical values for a variety of geotechnical situations (Meyerhof, 1995a).

INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR SOIL MECHANICS AND …
pile load, usino the ultimate soil resistance distribution given in Fio. 2. The program also allows a more general soil resistance distribution to be analysed if required. New solutions produced using the computer program LATPIL, based on the soil resistance distribution in …

Read PDF / From the Soil: The Foundations of Chinese Society, …
FROM THE SOIL: THE FOUNDATIONS OF CHINESE SOCIETY, A TRANSLATION OF FEI XIAOTONG'S XIANGTU ZHONGGUO Download PDF From the Soil: The Foundations of Chinese Society, A Translation of Fei Xiaotong's Xiangtu Zhongguo Authored by Xiaotong Fei, Gary G. Hamilton, Wang Zheng Released at -

ISC6 template - International Society for Soil Mechanics and ...
Application of machine learning on soil classification based on CPTU data J. Liu NGI, Oslo, Norway, Jingdong69.liu@gmail.no G. Sauvin1, S. Yang2 NGI, Oslo, Norway, Guillaume.Sauvin@ngi.no1,Shaoli.Yang@ngi.no 2, ABSTRACT: Cone Penetration Testing (CPTU) is one of the most popular soil investigation methods offshore, both for offshore oil and …

INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR SOIL MECHANICS AND …
elastic properties of the soil, while the associated failure mechanism and soil stren gth profile are governing for high soil mobilization. In this paper, the FE software PLAXIS 3D has been used to establish group effects as a function of distance between suction piles, pile geometry and soil mobilization for different soil conditions.

ICSE10 - International Society for Soil Mechanics and …
one year after installation of the foundations and to provide an inter-comparison of the scour development around the jacket foundations with that at the monopile foundations. Given the limited number of published studies into scouring at jacket foundations the authors also include an overview of these studies as context for the present work.

INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR SOIL MECHANICS AND …
On a natural soil profile, settlement resulting from the self weight of the soil has already occurred and the profile is in equi-librium with its surroundings. The settlement of foundations placed on a natural soil profile is thus due solely to the load im-posed by the foundation. Normal settlement (immediate plus

INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR SOIL MECHANICS AND …
cOmmOn grOund 07 Common Ground ProCeedinGs 10th AustrAliA new ZeAlAnd ConferenCe on GeomeChAniCs BrisBAne fouNdAtioNs ANd pAvemeNts 601 The resistance in the two-layer soil (qWS) as shown in Figure 1b can be compared with that in a one layer strong soil (qS) using the procedures outlined.The reduction in resistance (qWS/qS) in dense sand due to the presence …

Research on the properties of peat soil and foundation treatment technology
Peat soil (a collective term for peat and peat soil) is a special soil formed by organic matter and minerals under appropriate climate and topographical conditions. The total area of peat soil in the world is as high as 4.153 million square kilometers, and the distribution of peat soil in China accounts for about 4.5% of the total land

INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR SOIL MECHANICS AND …
tion Beds and Foundations, Moscow, U.S.S.R. Summary New methods are described for designing foundations, they re- quire that calculated non-uniform foundation settlement should not exceed the maximum allowable value for opération conditions and strength of superstructure. The following are given on the basis of data of observations for

5 Early Society in East Asia
sage-kings—Yao, Shun, and Yu—who laid the foundations of Chinese society. King Yao was a towering figure, sometimes associated with a mountain, who was extraordinarily modest, ... ing “Yellow River,” from the vast quantities of light-colored loess soil that it picks up along its route. Loess is an extremely fine, powderlike soil that ...

American Society of Civil Engineers Standard Guidelines for the …
Pile Foundations Published by American Society of Civil Engineers 1801 Alexander Bell Drive Reston, Virginia 20191-4400. Abstract: ... 4 SOIL-PILE INTERFACE STRENGTH REQUIREMENTS AND CAPACITY 5 4.1 General 5 4.1.1 Analysis of soil-pile capacity 5 4.2 Designation of Supporting Strata 5

INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR SOIL MECHANICS AND …
the foundation soil need to be characterized, and the cap-soil-pile interactions must be understood. These are not routinely carried out in the current practice. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the range of the set-tlement of buildings supported by driven piles. To circumvent uncertainties in theoretical models for settlement ...

INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR SOIL MECHANICS AND …
available concerning the permissible soil behavior for these structures and the types of foundations which can be used. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the following : (1) The unusual characteristics of cylindrical storage tanks in common use. (2) The types of tank foundations which have been used or considered in common practice.

Soils Overview - Soils 4 Teachers
Soil, as formally defined in the Soil Science Society of America Glossary of Soil Science Terms, is: 1 The unconsolidated mineral or organic material on the immediate surface of the earth that serves as a natural medium for the growth of land plants. 2 The unconsolidated mineral or organic matter on the surface of the earth

A NEW TYPE REINFORCED SOIL STRUCTURE WITH INSERTING …
applied to soil fillings or as reinforcements to soil fillings on soft ground vertical pile (Hara et al. 2008). In this novel approach, an assumption is made regarding the interaction between the pile and Geo-wall, as shown in Fig. 2. The high ductility of the Geo-wall was assumed to make it …

Seismic response of mid-rise buildings on shallow and end ... - CORE
the bedrock. If the supporting soil is compliant, the foundation can translate and rotate. Characteristics of such a system with end-bearing pile foundations can be represented by a series of horizontal and vertical fou ndation springs, as shown in Fig. 1. Accordingly, due to the soil –pile–structure interaction, the natural

INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR SOIL MECHANICS AND …
30 Jan 2001 · particularly on deep soft soil deposits where end-bearing piles may be prohibitively expensive or impracticable. While design must be based on the use of suitable soil parameters, the successful application of stone column treatment will depend crucially on an awareness of how the ground may be modified

INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR SOIL MECHANICS AND …
soil slopes that typically require benching and geosynthetics. In particular, benching is required for short term and long term stability of the slope. The countermeasure needs to be properly keyed into the soil so that it will remain stable and avoid undermining (2). To be effective, benching requires specialized knowledge of soil engineering

ASSESSING LIQUEFACTION IN GRAVELLY SOILS BASED ON FIELD …
bearing support for foundations, and excessive foundation settlement and rotation. Direct and indirect economic losses resulting from liquefaction are substantial costs to society. A significant number of gravel liquefaction case histories have occurred during more than 20 earthquake events over the past 130 years, as shown in Table 1.