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| examples of bias in writing: Guidelines for Bias-free Writing Marilyn Schwartz, 1995 Katz (English, North Carolina State U.) examines the correlation between Reader Response Criticism and the philosophy of science engendered by the Copenhagen School of New Physics, and assesses the scientific empiricism that controls the parameters of reading and writing theory to look at the possibility of teaching reading and writing as rhetorical music. He reinterprets Cicero's rhetorical theory in light of recent revisionist scholarship, and sketches a temporal model of affective response in reading and writing. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR |
| examples of bias in writing: Subprime Attention Crisis Tim Hwang, 2020-10-13 From FSGO x Logic: a revealing examination of digital advertising and the internet's precarious foundation In Subprime Attention Crisis, Tim Hwang investigates the way big tech financializes attention. In the process, he shows us how digital advertising—the beating heart of the internet—is at risk of collapsing, and that its potential demise bears an uncanny resemblance to the housing crisis of 2008. From the unreliability of advertising numbers and the unregulated automation of advertising bidding wars, to the simple fact that online ads mostly fail to work, Hwang demonstrates that while consumers’ attention has never been more prized, the true value of that attention itself—much like subprime mortgages—is wildly misrepresented. And if online advertising goes belly-up, the internet—and its free services—will suddenly be accessible only to those who can afford it. Deeply researched, convincing, and alarming, Subprime Attention Crisis will change the way you look at the internet, and its precarious future. FSG Originals × Logic dissects the way technology functions in everyday lives. The titans of Silicon Valley, for all their utopian imaginings, never really had our best interests at heart: recent threats to democracy, truth, privacy, and safety, as a result of tech’s reckless pursuit of progress, have shown as much. We present an alternate story, one that delights in capturing technology in all its contradictions and innovation, across borders and socioeconomic divisions, from history through the future, beyond platitudes and PR hype, and past doom and gloom. Our collaboration features four brief but provocative forays into the tech industry’s many worlds, and aspires to incite fresh conversations about technology focused on nuanced and accessible explorations of the emerging tools that reorganize and redefine life today. |
| examples of bias in writing: Anti-Bias Education for Young Children and Ourselves Louise Derman-Sparks, Julie Olsen Edwards, 2020-04-07 Anti-bias education begins with you! Become a skilled anti-bias teacher with this practical guidance to confronting and eliminating barriers. |
| examples of bias in writing: Unconscious Bias in Schools Tracey A. Benson, Sarah E. Fiarman, 2020-07-22 In Unconscious Bias in Schools, two seasoned educators describe the phenomenon of unconscious racial bias and how it negatively affects the work of educators and students in schools. “Regardless of the amount of effort, time, and resources education leaders put into improving the academic achievement of students of color,” the authors write, “if unconscious racial bias is overlooked, improvement efforts may never achieve their highest potential.” In order to address this bias, the authors argue, educators must first be aware of the racialized context in which we live. Through personal anecdotes and real-life scenarios, Unconscious Bias in Schools provides education leaders with an essential roadmap for addressing these issues directly. The authors draw on the literature on change management, leadership, critical race theory, and racial identity development, as well as the growing research on unconscious bias in a variety of fields, to provide guidance for creating the conditions necessary to do this work—awareness, trust, and a “learner’s stance.” Benson and Fiarman also outline specific steps toward normalizing conversations about race; reducing the influence of bias on decision-making; building empathic relationships; and developing a system of accountability. All too often, conversations about race become mired in questions of attitude or intention–“But I’m not a racist!” This book shows how information about unconscious bias can help shift conversations among educators to a more productive, collegial approach that has the potential to disrupt the patterns of perception that perpetuate racism and institutional injustice. Tracey A. Benson is an assistant professor of educational leadership at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte. Sarah E. Fiarman is the director of leadership development for EL Education, and a former public school teacher, principal, and lecturer at Harvard Graduate School of Education. |
| examples of bias in writing: Noise Daniel Kahneman, Olivier Sibony, Cass R. Sunstein, 2021-05-18 From the Nobel Prize-winning author of Thinking, Fast and Slow and the coauthor of Nudge, a revolutionary exploration of why people make bad judgments and how to make better ones—a tour de force” (New York Times). Imagine that two doctors in the same city give different diagnoses to identical patients—or that two judges in the same courthouse give markedly different sentences to people who have committed the same crime. Suppose that different interviewers at the same firm make different decisions about indistinguishable job applicants—or that when a company is handling customer complaints, the resolution depends on who happens to answer the phone. Now imagine that the same doctor, the same judge, the same interviewer, or the same customer service agent makes different decisions depending on whether it is morning or afternoon, or Monday rather than Wednesday. These are examples of noise: variability in judgments that should be identical. In Noise, Daniel Kahneman, Olivier Sibony, and Cass R. Sunstein show the detrimental effects of noise in many fields, including medicine, law, economic forecasting, forensic science, bail, child protection, strategy, performance reviews, and personnel selection. Wherever there is judgment, there is noise. Yet, most of the time, individuals and organizations alike are unaware of it. They neglect noise. With a few simple remedies, people can reduce both noise and bias, and so make far better decisions. Packed with original ideas, and offering the same kinds of research-based insights that made Thinking, Fast and Slow and Nudge groundbreaking New York Times bestsellers, Noise explains how and why humans are so susceptible to noise in judgment—and what we can do about it. |
| examples of bias in writing: Algorithms of Oppression Safiya Umoja Noble, 2018-02-20 Acknowledgments -- Introduction: the power of algorithms -- A society, searching -- Searching for Black girls -- Searching for people and communities -- Searching for protections from search engines -- The future of knowledge in the public -- The future of information culture -- Conclusion: algorithms of oppression -- Epilogue -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About the author |
| examples of bias in writing: Falling in Love with Close Reading Christopher Lehman, Kate Roberts, 2014 Love brings us in close, leads us to study the details of a thing, and asks us to return again and again. These are the motivations and ideas that built this book. -Chris Lehman and Kate Roberts You and your students will fall for close reading. In Falling in Love with Close Reading, Christopher Lehman and Kate Roberts show us that it can be rigorous, meaningful, and joyous. You'll empower students to not only analyze texts but to admire the craft of a beloved book, study favorite songs and videogames, and challenge peers in evidence-based discussions. Chris and Kate start with a powerful three-step close-reading ritual that students can apply to any text. Then they lay out practical, engaging lessons that not only guide students to independence in reading texts closely but also help them transfer this critical, analytical skill to media and even the lives they lead. Responsive to students' needs and field-tested in classrooms, these lessons include: strategies for close reading narratives, informational texts, and arguments suggestions for differentiation sample charts and student work from real classrooms connections to the Common Core State Standards a focus on viewing media and life in this same careful way. We see the ritual of close reading not just as a method of doing the academic work of looking closely at text-evidence, word choice, and structure, write Chris and Kate, but as an opportunity to bring those practices together to empower our students to see the subtle messages in texts and in their lives. Read Falling in Love with Close Reading and discover that the benefits and joy of close reading don't have to stop at the edge of the page. Read a sample from the book to learn more about Chris and Kate's close-reading ritual for students and for an annotated text that shows how it works. |
| examples of bias in writing: Proactive Policing National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, Committee on Law and Justice, Committee on Proactive Policing: Effects on Crime, Communities, and Civil Liberties, 2018-03-23 Proactive policing, as a strategic approach used by police agencies to prevent crime, is a relatively new phenomenon in the United States. It developed from a crisis in confidence in policing that began to emerge in the 1960s because of social unrest, rising crime rates, and growing skepticism regarding the effectiveness of standard approaches to policing. In response, beginning in the 1980s and 1990s, innovative police practices and policies that took a more proactive approach began to develop. This report uses the term proactive policing to refer to all policing strategies that have as one of their goals the prevention or reduction of crime and disorder and that are not reactive in terms of focusing primarily on uncovering ongoing crime or on investigating or responding to crimes once they have occurred. Proactive policing is distinguished from the everyday decisions of police officers to be proactive in specific situations and instead refers to a strategic decision by police agencies to use proactive police responses in a programmatic way to reduce crime. Today, proactive policing strategies are used widely in the United States. They are not isolated programs used by a select group of agencies but rather a set of ideas that have spread across the landscape of policing. Proactive Policing reviews the evidence and discusses the data and methodological gaps on: (1) the effects of different forms of proactive policing on crime; (2) whether they are applied in a discriminatory manner; (3) whether they are being used in a legal fashion; and (4) community reaction. This report offers a comprehensive evaluation of proactive policing that includes not only its crime prevention impacts but also its broader implications for justice and U.S. communities. |
| examples of bias in writing: Biased Jennifer L. Eberhardt, PhD, 2019-03-26 Poignant....important and illuminating.—The New York Times Book Review Groundbreaking.—Bryan Stevenson, New York Times bestselling author of Just Mercy From one of the world’s leading experts on unconscious racial bias come stories, science, and strategies to address one of the central controversies of our time How do we talk about bias? How do we address racial disparities and inequities? What role do our institutions play in creating, maintaining, and magnifying those inequities? What role do we play? With a perspective that is at once scientific, investigative, and informed by personal experience, Dr. Jennifer Eberhardt offers us the language and courage we need to face one of the biggest and most troubling issues of our time. She exposes racial bias at all levels of society—in our neighborhoods, schools, workplaces, and criminal justice system. Yet she also offers us tools to address it. Eberhardt shows us how we can be vulnerable to bias but not doomed to live under its grip. Racial bias is a problem that we all have a role to play in solving. |
| examples of bias in writing: Bias Interrupted Joan C. Williams, 2021-11-16 A cutting-edge, relentless, objective approach to inclusion. Companies spend billions of dollars annually on diversity efforts with remarkably few results. Too often diversity efforts rest on the assumption that all that's needed is an earnest conversation about privilege. That's not enough. To truly make progress we need to stop celebrating the problem and instead take effective steps to solve it. In Bias Interrupted, Joan C. Williams shows how it's done, and, reassuringly, how easy it is to get started. One of today's preeminent voices on inclusive workplaces, Williams explains how leaders can use standard business tools—data, metrics, and persistence—to interrupt the bias that is continually transmitted through formal systems like performance appraisals, as well as the informal systems that control access to career-enhancing opportunities. The book presents fresh evidence, based on Williams's exhaustive research and work with companies, that interrupting bias helps every group—including white men. Comprehensive, though compact and straightforward, Bias Interrupted delivers real, practical value in an efficient and accessible manner to an audience that has never needed it more. It's possible to interrupt bias. Here's where you start. |
| examples of bias in writing: Why I Write George Orwell, 2021-01-01 George Orwell set out ‘to make political writing into an art’, and to a wide extent this aim shaped the future of English literature – his descriptions of authoritarian regimes helped to form a new vocabulary that is fundamental to understanding totalitarianism. While 1984 and Animal Farm are amongst the most popular classic novels in the English language, this new series of Orwell’s essays seeks to bring a wider selection of his writing on politics and literature to a new readership. In Why I Write, the first in the Orwell’s Essays series, Orwell describes his journey to becoming a writer, and his movement from writing poems to short stories to the essays, fiction and non-fiction we remember him for. He also discusses what he sees as the ‘four great motives for writing’ – ‘sheer egoism’, ‘aesthetic enthusiasm’, ‘historical impulse’ and ‘political purpose’ – and considers the importance of keeping these in balance. Why I Write is a unique opportunity to look into Orwell’s mind, and it grants the reader an entirely different vantage point from which to consider the rest of the great writer’s oeuvre. 'A writer who can – and must – be rediscovered with every age.' — Irish Times |
| examples of bias in writing: Blindspot Mahzarin R. Banaji, Anthony G. Greenwald, 2016-08-16 “Accessible and authoritative . . . While we may not have much power to eradicate our own prejudices, we can counteract them. The first step is to turn a hidden bias into a visible one. . . . What if we’re not the magnanimous people we think we are?”—The Washington Post I know my own mind. I am able to assess others in a fair and accurate way. These self-perceptions are challenged by leading psychologists Mahzarin R. Banaji and Anthony G. Greenwald as they explore the hidden biases we all carry from a lifetime of exposure to cultural attitudes about age, gender, race, ethnicity, religion, social class, sexuality, disability status, and nationality. “Blindspot” is the authors’ metaphor for the portion of the mind that houses hidden biases. Writing with simplicity and verve, Banaji and Greenwald question the extent to which our perceptions of social groups—without our awareness or conscious control—shape our likes and dislikes and our judgments about people’s character, abilities, and potential. In Blindspot, the authors reveal hidden biases based on their experience with the Implicit Association Test, a method that has revolutionized the way scientists learn about the human mind and that gives us a glimpse into what lies within the metaphoric blindspot. The title’s “good people” are those of us who strive to align our behavior with our intentions. The aim of Blindspot is to explain the science in plain enough language to help well-intentioned people achieve that alignment. By gaining awareness, we can adapt beliefs and behavior and “outsmart the machine” in our heads so we can be fairer to those around us. Venturing into this book is an invitation to understand our own minds. Brilliant, authoritative, and utterly accessible, Blindspot is a book that will challenge and change readers for years to come. Praise for Blindspot “Conversational . . . easy to read, and best of all, it has the potential, at least, to change the way you think about yourself.”—Leonard Mlodinow, The New York Review of Books “Banaji and Greenwald deserve a major award for writing such a lively and engaging book that conveys an important message: Mental processes that we are not aware of can affect what we think and what we do. Blindspot is one of the most illuminating books ever written on this topic.”—Elizabeth F. Loftus, Ph.D., distinguished professor, University of California, Irvine; past president, Association for Psychological Science; author of Eyewitness Testimony |
| examples of bias in writing: Bias Bernard Goldberg, 2014-07-21 In his nearly thirty years at CBS News, Emmy Award–winner Bernard Goldberg earned a reputation as one of the preeminent reporters in the television news business. When he looked at his own industry, however, he saw that the media far too often ignored their primary mission: objective, disinterested reporting. Again and again he saw that they slanted the news to the left. For years Goldberg appealed to reporters, producers, and network executives for more balanced reporting, but no one listened. The liberal bias continued. In this classic number one New York Times bestseller, Goldberg blew the whistle on the news business, showing exactly how the media slant their coverage while insisting they’re just reporting the facts. |
| examples of bias in writing: Reading, Writing, and Rising Up Linda Christensen, 2000 Give students the power of language by using the inspiring ideas in this very readable book. |
| examples of bias in writing: The New Teacher Book Terry Burant, Linda Christensen, Kelley Dawson Salas, Stephanie Walters, 2010 Teaching is a lifelong challenge, but the first few years in the classroom are typically a teacher's hardest. This expanded collection of writings and reflections offers practical guidance on how to navigate the school system, form rewarding relationships with colleagues, and connect in meaningful ways with students and families from all cultures and backgrounds. |
| examples of bias in writing: Handbook of Technical Writing Charles T. Brusaw, 1997-08-15 New to this edition: Up-to-date information on on-line research and computer resources. A unique four-way access system enables users of the Handbook of Technical Writing to find what they need quickly and get on with the job of writing: 1. The hundreds of entries in the body of the Handbook are alphabetically arranged, so you can flip right to the topic at hand. Words and phrases in bold type provide cross-references to related entries. 2. The topical key groups alphabetical entries and page numbers under broader topic categories. This topical table of contents allows you to check broader subject areas for the specific topic you need. 3. The checklist of the writing process summarizes the opening essay on Five Steps to Successful Writing in checklist form with page references to related topics, making it easy to use the Handbook as a writing text. 4. The comprehensive index provides an exhaustive listing of related and commonly confused topics, so you can easily locate information even when you don't know the exact term you're looking for. |
| examples of bias in writing: Teaching for Joy and Justice Linda Christensen, 2009 Teaching for Joy and Justice is the much-anticipated sequel to Linda Christensen's bestselling Reading, Writing, and Rising Up. Christensen is recognized as one of the country's finest teachers. Her latest book shows why. Through story upon story, Christensen demonstrates how she draws on students' lives and the world to teach poetry, essay, narrative, and critical literacy skills. Teaching for Joy and Justice reveals what happens when a teacher treats all students as intellectuals, instead of intellectually challenged. Part autobiography, part curriculum guide, part critique of today's numbing standardized mandates, this book sings with hope -- born of Christensen's more than 30 years as a classroom teacher, language arts specialist, and teacher educator. Practical, inspirational, passionate: this is a must-have book for every language arts teacher, whether veteran or novice. In fact, Teaching for Joy and Justice is a must-have book for anyone who wants concrete examples of what it really means to teach for social justice. |
| examples of bias in writing: The Oxford Handbook of the Science of Science Communication Kathleen Hall Jamieson, Dan M. Kahan, Dietram Scheufele, 2017 On topics from genetic engineering and mad cow disease to vaccination and climate change, this Handbook draws on the insights of 57 leading science of science communication scholars who explore what social scientists know about how citizens come to understand and act on what is known by science. |
| examples of bias in writing: Bias Is All Around You Erik Bean, 2021-07-04 |
| examples of bias in writing: Skewed Larry Atkins, 2016 A probing critique of advocacy journalism, particularly its polarizing effect on society and politics, with reader guidelines for objectively evaluating news sources-- |
| examples of bias in writing: Journal of Social Issues, Understanding the Harm of Hate Crime Robert J. Boeckmann, Carolyn Turpin-Petrosino, 2003-07-18 This issue takes an interdisciplinary approach to examine the harms of hate crime and hate speech. Working definitions are situated within the broader context of intergroup relations, prejudice, aggression, and law and social policy. Theory and research from social psychology, criminology, and legal studies are utilized to describe this context. Several studies significantly contribute by including empirical observations of the impact of hate speech and hate crime The studies that focus on the perpetrator add unique discussions regarding similar social attitudes between hate group members and ordinary youth in addition to crime motives of hate crime perpetrators |
| examples of bias in writing: The Great Mental Models, Volume 1 Shane Parrish, Rhiannon Beaubien, 2024-10-15 Discover the essential thinking tools you’ve been missing with The Great Mental Models series by Shane Parrish, New York Times bestselling author and the mind behind the acclaimed Farnam Street blog and “The Knowledge Project” podcast. This first book in the series is your guide to learning the crucial thinking tools nobody ever taught you. Time and time again, great thinkers such as Charlie Munger and Warren Buffett have credited their success to mental models–representations of how something works that can scale onto other fields. Mastering a small number of mental models enables you to rapidly grasp new information, identify patterns others miss, and avoid the common mistakes that hold people back. The Great Mental Models: Volume 1, General Thinking Concepts shows you how making a few tiny changes in the way you think can deliver big results. Drawing on examples from history, business, art, and science, this book details nine of the most versatile, all-purpose mental models you can use right away to improve your decision making and productivity. This book will teach you how to: Avoid blind spots when looking at problems. Find non-obvious solutions. Anticipate and achieve desired outcomes. Play to your strengths, avoid your weaknesses, … and more. The Great Mental Models series demystifies once elusive concepts and illuminates rich knowledge that traditional education overlooks. This series is the most comprehensive and accessible guide on using mental models to better understand our world, solve problems, and gain an advantage. |
| examples of bias in writing: Applying Quantitative Bias Analysis to Epidemiologic Data Timothy L. Lash, Matthew P. Fox, Aliza K. Fink, 2011-04-14 Bias analysis quantifies the influence of systematic error on an epidemiology study’s estimate of association. The fundamental methods of bias analysis in epi- miology have been well described for decades, yet are seldom applied in published presentations of epidemiologic research. More recent advances in bias analysis, such as probabilistic bias analysis, appear even more rarely. We suspect that there are both supply-side and demand-side explanations for the scarcity of bias analysis. On the demand side, journal reviewers and editors seldom request that authors address systematic error aside from listing them as limitations of their particular study. This listing is often accompanied by explanations for why the limitations should not pose much concern. On the supply side, methods for bias analysis receive little attention in most epidemiology curriculums, are often scattered throughout textbooks or absent from them altogether, and cannot be implemented easily using standard statistical computing software. Our objective in this text is to reduce these supply-side barriers, with the hope that demand for quantitative bias analysis will follow. |
| examples of bias in writing: Neuroscience of Prejudice and Intergroup Relations Belle Derks, Daan Scheepers, Naomi Ellemers, 2013-06-19 Psychological research on the origins and consequences of prejudice, discrimination, and stereotyping has moved into previously uncharted directions through the introduction of neuroscientific measures. Psychologists can now address issues that are difficult to examine with traditional methodologies and monitor motivational and emotional as they develop during ongoing intergroup interactions, thus enabling the empirical investigation of the fundamental biological bases of prejudice. However, several very promising strands of research have largely developed independently of each other. By bringing together the work of leading prejudice researchers from across the world who have begun to study this field with different neuroscientific tools, this volume provides the first integrated view on the specific drawbacks and benefits of each type of measure, illuminates how standard paradigms in research on prejudice and intergroup relations can be adapted for the use of neuroscientific methods, and illustrates how different methodologies can complement each other and be combined to advance current insights into the nature of prejudice. This cutting-edge volume will be of interest to advanced undergraduates, graduates, and researchers students who study prejudice, intergroup relations, and social neuroscience. |
| examples of bias in writing: Antiracist Writing Assessment Ecologies Asao B. Inoue, 2015-11-08 In Antiracist Writing Assessment Ecologies, Asao B. Inoue theorizes classroom writing assessment as a complex system that is “more than” its interconnected elements. To explain how and why antiracist work in the writing classroom is vital to literacy learning, Inoue incorporates ideas about the white racial habitus that informs dominant discourses in the academy and other contexts. |
| examples of bias in writing: Rhythm and Resistance Linda Christensen, Dyan Watson, 2015-04-15 Rhythm and Resistance offers practical lessons about how to teach poetry to build community, understand literature and history, talk back to injustice, and construct stronger literacy skils across content areas and grade levels-- from elementary school to graduate school. Rhythm and Resistance reclaims poetry as a necessary part of a larger vision of what it means to teach for justice. from cover. |
| examples of bias in writing: Beyond D&I Kay Formanek, 2021-11-10 D&I is no longer a passing fad. It’s not about legal compliance or HR box-ticking, in fact diversity and inclusion is a critical factor for success. #MeToo, #BlackLivesMatter and the ballooning disparate consequences of Covid-19 on minorities brings renewed emphasis on D&I agendas, and the economic reality that diverse talent is good for business and good for sustainability. In Beyond D&I, Kay Formanek brings her more than twenty years’ experience working with the world’s leading organizations to take diversity and inclusion into the strategic roadmap of the organization. Whether you’re a leader, HR practitioner, sponsor of a D&I initiative or an employee who wants to see your organization benefit from more inclusivity, the book equips you with the tools you need to develop the strategic case for diversity, craft a compelling narrative and chart a tailored roadmap to lock in diversity gains and close key performance gaps. As well as two core anchor models—the Virtuous Circle and Integrated Diversity Model— the book features case studies, profiles of inclusive leaders, engaging and intuitive visuals and a wealth of evidence-based initiatives that you can start implementing today. With five essential elements and six core capabilities, the result is a definitive, holistic and practical guide that will help you convert your D&I initiatives into sustainable diversity performance. |
| examples of bias in writing: The Emotion Thesaurus: A Writer's Guide to Character Expression (2nd Edition) Becca Puglisi, Angela Ackerman, 2019-02-19 The bestselling Emotion Thesaurus, often hailed as “the gold standard for writers” and credited with transforming how writers craft emotion, has now been expanded to include 56 new entries! One of the biggest struggles for writers is how to convey emotion to readers in a unique and compelling way. When showing our characters’ feelings, we often use the first idea that comes to mind, and they end up smiling, nodding, and frowning too much. If you need inspiration for creating characters’ emotional responses that are personalized and evocative, this ultimate show-don’t-tell guide for emotion can help. It includes: • Body language cues, thoughts, and visceral responses for over 130 emotions that cover a range of intensity from mild to severe, providing innumerable options for individualizing a character’s reactions • A breakdown of the biggest emotion-related writing problems and how to overcome them • Advice on what should be done before drafting to make sure your characters’ emotions will be realistic and consistent • Instruction for how to show hidden feelings and emotional subtext through dialogue and nonverbal cues • And much more! The Emotion Thesaurus, in its easy-to-navigate list format, will inspire you to create stronger, fresher character expressions and engage readers from your first page to your last. |
| examples of bias in writing: The Politics of Evidence Justin Parkhurst, 2016-10-04 The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.tandfebooks.com/, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 3.0 license. There has been an enormous increase in interest in the use of evidence for public policymaking, but the vast majority of work on the subject has failed to engage with the political nature of decision making and how this influences the ways in which evidence will be used (or misused) within political areas. This book provides new insights into the nature of political bias with regards to evidence and critically considers what an ‘improved’ use of evidence would look like from a policymaking perspective. Part I describes the great potential for evidence to help achieve social goals, as well as the challenges raised by the political nature of policymaking. It explores the concern of evidence advocates that political interests drive the misuse or manipulation of evidence, as well as counter-concerns of critical policy scholars about how appeals to ‘evidence-based policy’ can depoliticise political debates. Both concerns reflect forms of bias – the first representing technical bias, whereby evidence use violates principles of scientific best practice, and the second representing issue bias in how appeals to evidence can shift political debates to particular questions or marginalise policy-relevant social concerns. Part II then draws on the fields of policy studies and cognitive psychology to understand the origins and mechanisms of both forms of bias in relation to political interests and values. It illustrates how such biases are not only common, but can be much more predictable once we recognise their origins and manifestations in policy arenas. Finally, Part III discusses ways to move forward for those seeking to improve the use of evidence in public policymaking. It explores what constitutes ‘good evidence for policy’, as well as the ‘good use of evidence’ within policy processes, and considers how to build evidence-advisory institutions that embed key principles of both scientific good practice and democratic representation. Taken as a whole, the approach promoted is termed the ‘good governance of evidence’ – a concept that represents the use of rigorous, systematic and technically valid pieces of evidence within decision-making processes that are representative of, and accountable to, populations served. |
| examples of bias in writing: Concepts of Epidemiology Raj S. Bhopal, 2016 First edition published in 2002. Second edition published in 2008. |
| examples of bias in writing: Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Julian P. T. Higgins, Sally Green, 2008-11-24 Healthcare providers, consumers, researchers and policy makers are inundated with unmanageable amounts of information, including evidence from healthcare research. It has become impossible for all to have the time and resources to find, appraise and interpret this evidence and incorporate it into healthcare decisions. Cochrane Reviews respond to this challenge by identifying, appraising and synthesizing research-based evidence and presenting it in a standardized format, published in The Cochrane Library (www.thecochranelibrary.com). The Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions contains methodological guidance for the preparation and maintenance of Cochrane intervention reviews. Written in a clear and accessible format, it is the essential manual for all those preparing, maintaining and reading Cochrane reviews. Many of the principles and methods described here are appropriate for systematic reviews applied to other types of research and to systematic reviews of interventions undertaken by others. It is hoped therefore that this book will be invaluable to all those who want to understand the role of systematic reviews, critically appraise published reviews or perform reviews themselves. |
| examples of bias in writing: The Art of Healing Jeanne Felfe, 2016-06-01 |
| examples of bias in writing: Laziness Does Not Exist Devon Price, 2021-01-05 From social psychologist Dr. Devon Price, a conversational, stirring call to “a better, more human way to live” (Cal Newport, New York Times bestselling author) that examines the “laziness lie”—which falsely tells us we are not working or learning hard enough. Extra-curricular activities. Honors classes. 60-hour work weeks. Side hustles. Like many Americans, Dr. Devon Price believed that productivity was the best way to measure self-worth. Price was an overachiever from the start, graduating from both college and graduate school early, but that success came at a cost. After Price was diagnosed with a severe case of anemia and heart complications from overexertion, they were forced to examine the darker side of all this productivity. Laziness Does Not Exist explores the psychological underpinnings of the “laziness lie,” including its origins from the Puritans and how it has continued to proliferate as digital work tools have blurred the boundaries between work and life. Using in-depth research, Price explains that people today do far more work than nearly any other humans in history yet most of us often still feel we are not doing enough. Filled with practical and accessible advice for overcoming society’s pressure to do more, and featuring interviews with researchers, consultants, and experiences from real people drowning in too much work, Laziness Does Not Exist “is the book we all need right now” (Caroline Dooner, author of The F*ck It Diet). |
| examples of bias in writing: Persistent Forecasting of Disruptive Technologies National Research Council, Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences, Committee on Forecasting Future Disruptive Technologies, 2010-02-15 Technological innovations are key causal agents of surprise and disruption. In the recent past, the United States military has encountered unexpected challenges in the battlefield due in part to the adversary's incorporation of technologies not traditionally associated with weaponry. Recognizing the need to broaden the scope of current technology forecasting efforts, the Office of the Director, Defense Research and Engineering (DDR&E) and the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) tasked the Committee for Forecasting Future Disruptive Technologies with providing guidance and insight on how to build a persistent forecasting system to predict, analyze, and reduce the impact of the most dramatically disruptive technologies. The first of two reports, this volume analyzes existing forecasting methods and processes. It then outlines the necessary characteristics of a comprehensive forecasting system that integrates data from diverse sources to identify potentially game-changing technological innovations and facilitates informed decision making by policymakers. The committee's goal was to help the reader understand current forecasting methodologies, the nature of disruptive technologies and the characteristics of a persistent forecasting system for disruptive technology. Persistent Forecasting of Disruptive Technologies is a useful text for the Department of Defense, Homeland Security, the Intelligence community and other defense agencies across the nation. |
| examples of bias in writing: The Art of Asking Amanda Palmer, 2014-11-11 Rock star, crowdfunding pioneer, and TED speaker Amanda Palmer knows all about asking. Performing as a living statue in a wedding dress, she wordlessly asked thousands of passersby for their dollars. When she became a singer, songwriter, and musician, she was not afraid to ask her audience to support her as she surfed the crowd (and slept on their couches while touring). And when she left her record label to strike out on her own, she asked her fans to support her in making an album, leading to the world's most successful music Kickstarter. Even while Amanda is both celebrated and attacked for her fearlessness in asking for help, she finds that there are important things she cannot ask for-as a musician, as a friend, and as a wife. She learns that she isn't alone in this, that so many people are afraid to ask for help, and it paralyzes their lives and relationships. In this groundbreaking book, she explores these barriers in her own life and in the lives of those around her, and discovers the emotional, philosophical, and practical aspects of The Art of Asking. Part manifesto, part revelation, this is the story of an artist struggling with the new rules of exchange in the twenty-first century, both on and off the Internet. The Art of Asking will inspire readers to rethink their own ideas about asking, giving, art, and love. |
| examples of bias in writing: Racial Disproportionality and Disparities in the Child Welfare System Alan J. Dettlaff, 2020-11-27 This volume examines existing research documenting racial disproportionality and disparities in child welfare systems, the underlying factors that contribute to these phenomena and the harms that result at both the individual and community levels. It reviews multiple forms of interventions designed to prevent and reduce disproportionality, particularly in states and jurisdictions that have seen meaningful change. With contributions from authorities and leaders in the field, this volume serves as the authoritative volume on the complex issue of child maltreatment and child welfare. It offers a central source of information for students and practitioners who are seeking understanding on how structural and institutional racism can be addressed in public systems. |
| examples of bias in writing: NurtureShock Po Bronson, Ashley Merryman, 2009-09-03 In a world of modern, involved, caring parents, why are so many kids aggressive and cruel? Where is intelligence hidden in the brain, and why does that matter? Why do cross-racial friendships decrease in schools that are more integrated? If 98% of kids think lying is morally wrong, then why do 98% of kids lie? What's the single most important thing that helps infants learn language? NurtureShock is a groundbreaking collaboration between award-winning science journalists Po Bronson and Ashley Merryman. They argue that when it comes to children, we've mistaken good intentions for good ideas. With impeccable storytelling and razor-sharp analysis, they demonstrate that many of modern society's strategies for nurturing children are in fact backfiring--because key twists in the science have been overlooked. Nothing like a parenting manual, the authors' work is an insightful exploration of themes and issues that transcend children's (and adults') lives. |
| examples of bias in writing: Culturally Responsive Teaching and The Brain Zaretta Hammond, 2014-11-13 A bold, brain-based teaching approach to culturally responsive instruction To close the achievement gap, diverse classrooms need a proven framework for optimizing student engagement. Culturally responsive instruction has shown promise, but many teachers have struggled with its implementation—until now. In this book, Zaretta Hammond draws on cutting-edge neuroscience research to offer an innovative approach for designing and implementing brain-compatible culturally responsive instruction. The book includes: Information on how one’s culture programs the brain to process data and affects learning relationships Ten “key moves” to build students’ learner operating systems and prepare them to become independent learners Prompts for action and valuable self-reflection |
| examples of bias in writing: Recitatif Toni Morrison, 2022-02-01 A beautiful, arresting short story by Toni Morrison—the only one she ever wrote—about race and the relationships that shape us through life, with an introduction by Zadie Smith. Twyla and Roberta have known each other since they were eight years old and spent four months together as roommates in the St. Bonaventure shelter. Inseparable at the time, they lose touch as they grow older, only to find each other later at a diner, then at a grocery store, and again at a protest. Seemingly at opposite ends of every problem, and in disagreement each time they meet, the two women still cannot deny the deep bond their shared experience has forged between them. Written in 1980 and anthologized in a number of collections, this is the first time Recitatif is being published as a stand-alone hardcover. In the story, Twyla’s and Roberta’s races remain ambiguous. We know that one is white and one is black, but which is which? And who is right about the race of the woman the girls tormented at the orphanage? Morrison herself described this story as “an experiment in the removal of all racial codes from a narrative about two characters of different races for whom racial identity is crucial.” Recitatif is a remarkable look into what keeps us together and what keeps us apart, and about how perceptions are made tangible by reality. |
| examples of bias in writing: Encyclopedia of Survey Research Methods Paul J. Lavrakas, 2008-09-12 To the uninformed, surveys appear to be an easy type of research to design and conduct, but when students and professionals delve deeper, they encounter the vast complexities that the range and practice of survey methods present. To complicate matters, technology has rapidly affected the way surveys can be conducted; today, surveys are conducted via cell phone, the Internet, email, interactive voice response, and other technology-based modes. Thus, students, researchers, and professionals need both a comprehensive understanding of these complexities and a revised set of tools to meet the challenges. In conjunction with top survey researchers around the world and with Nielsen Media Research serving as the corporate sponsor, the Encyclopedia of Survey Research Methods presents state-of-the-art information and methodological examples from the field of survey research. Although there are other how-to guides and references texts on survey research, none is as comprehensive as this Encyclopedia, and none presents the material in such a focused and approachable manner. With more than 600 entries, this resource uses a Total Survey Error perspective that considers all aspects of possible survey error from a cost-benefit standpoint. Key Features Covers all major facets of survey research methodology, from selecting the sample design and the sampling frame, designing and pretesting the questionnaire, data collection, and data coding, to the thorny issues surrounding diminishing response rates, confidentiality, privacy, informed consent and other ethical issues, data weighting, and data analyses Presents a Reader′s Guide to organize entries around themes or specific topics and easily guide users to areas of interest Offers cross-referenced terms, a brief listing of Further Readings, and stable Web site URLs following most entries The Encyclopedia of Survey Research Methods is specifically written to appeal to beginning, intermediate, and advanced students, practitioners, researchers, consultants, and consumers of survey-based information. |
Examples Of Bias In Writing (2024) - netsec.csuci.edu
Examples Of Bias In Writing Examples of bias in writing: This article explores various types of bias that can subtly (or not so subtly) influence written content, impacting its objectivity and …
Functional Skills English - Skillsworkshop
One technique that writers use is BIAS. What is BIAS? Look the word up in any dictionary and write down the meaning you find. The government has accused the media of bias. Reporters …
Brief Guide to Bias-Free and Inclusive Language - APA Style
11 Sep 2023 · APA provides a wealth of science-backed guidance to help you describe other people with dignity and respect. Start with the general principles for avoiding bias in language …
Academic Success Centre Bias Free Language December 2020
Writing in unbiased language can be an adjustment, but it is an important part of learning how to write in an academic tone within your discipline. Use online dictionaries and your subject …
9 Everything’s Biased: A Guide to Determining When Bias Matters
This chapter provides four classroom strategies—context awareness, genre awareness, classifying opinions, and evaluating counterarguments—to encourage stu-dents toward a …
Academic Writing Style: Objectivity - The University of Western …
Writing in an objective or impersonal way enables you to sound more convincing or persuasive to academic audiences. The remainder of this guide provides strategies to write objectively. …
For a Greater Good: Bias Analysis in Writing Assessment - SAGE …
To use a proper sta-tistical analysis, the type of bias should be determined. van de Vijver and Poortinga (1997) categorized biases into three sorts: (a) Construct bias takes place when the …
Author's Tone and Bias - Wake County Public School System
What is Bias? Bias in writing can be defined as: A prejudice against something an author is writing about. Favoritism for something an author is writing about. An author letting feelings or …
USING INCLUSIVE & BIAS-FREE LANGUAGE - Navitas …
Students should use language that is free of bias and avoid perpetuating prejudicial beliefs or demeaning attitudes in their writing. In scholarly writing, precision is crucial.
idEnTiFYinG BiAs - Macmillan Education
idEnTiFYinG BiAs • Understand different types of bias. • Consider who a writer is and who or what they represent. • Look at the language a writer uses and what they emphasise or omit in order …
Approaching Writing with an Antiracist Perspective - San José …
•Bias: In the context of this handout, bias refers to intentional or unintentional use of language to indicate favor to a person or group. There are two main types of bias: explicit and implicit.
Unconscious Bias In Writing rv2 - CNA
we maintain an internal style guide based on APA Style for avoiding bias when discussing historically marginalized people and groups. These seven guidelines from our style guide help …
Academic Essay Writing for Postgraduates - The University of …
Academic Essay Writing for Postgraduates is designed to help you plan, draft and revise the assignments you will be doing for your Master’s degree at Edinburgh. the English grammar …
Critical Reading IV: Detecting Bias - Valencia College
examine the other side’s views. If an author fails to do so, he or she is said to be biased. Bias refers to a writer’s prejudice for one side of a particular issue. A reader can identify bias by …
Mitigating Myside Bias in Argumentation - JSTOR
2 Jan 2023 · ring contradictory claims and evidence. Addressing myside bias is an important consideration for teachers of writing, as effective argumentation requires criti-cal thinking that …
Bias-Free Communication Guide - University of California, San …
A Guide to Bias-Free Communications A Reference for Preparing Official University Publications Gender People in the university community are increasingly aware of the need to use …
Bias in Historical Description, Interpretation, and Explanation
There are four common ways in which historical writing can be biased. First, historians sometimes misinterpret evidence, so that they are not justified in asserting that the inferences they draw …
Who, Me? Biased?: Understanding Implicit Bias - PBS …
writing and reflection activities, provide students in grades 9-12 the opportunity to engage in a rigorous exploration of the concept of implicit bias. After completing all the assignments, …
Determining Fact, Opinion, and Bias - Mr. Anderson
fact and opinion and by evaluating the presence of bias in the text. This lesson helps students determine bias by identifying fact and opinion in a text. Passages for LTF ® lessons are …
How to Avoid Biased Language Using APA Guidelines - San José …
avoid biased language when writing about certain populations. The most well-known addition has been the usage of the singular they/them pronoun, but this edition has a dedicated chapter on avoiding bias for several populations and identities. This chapter helps writers be more conscious
Examples Of Bias In Writing (2024) - netsec.csuci.edu
Examples Of Bias In Writing Examples of bias in writing: This article explores various types of bias that can subtly (or not so subtly) influence written content, impacting its objectivity and potentially misleading readers. We will delve into specific examples across different writing styles, highlighting how to identify and
Functional Skills English - Skillsworkshop
One technique that writers use is BIAS. What is BIAS? Look the word up in any dictionary and write down the meaning you find. The government has accused the media of bias. Reporters must be impartial and not show political bias. There was clear evidence of a strong bias against her.
Brief Guide to Bias-Free and Inclusive Language - APA Style
11 Sep 2023 · APA provides a wealth of science-backed guidance to help you describe other people with dignity and respect. Start with the general principles for avoiding bias in language and cultivating an inclusive mindset; then apply those principles to specific topic areas. For more details, read the Bias-Free Language Guidelines.
Academic Success Centre Bias Free Language December 2020
Writing in unbiased language can be an adjustment, but it is an important part of learning how to write in an academic tone within your discipline. Use online dictionaries and your subject area’s style guide (e.g. APA, MLA, or Chicago) to help identify and choose bias-free language.
9 Everything’s Biased: A Guide to Determining When Bias Matters
This chapter provides four classroom strategies—context awareness, genre awareness, classifying opinions, and evaluating counterarguments—to encourage stu-dents toward a more nuanced understanding of bias, which also can be applied to real-world situations.
Academic Writing Style: Objectivity - The University of Western …
Writing in an objective or impersonal way enables you to sound more convincing or persuasive to academic audiences. The remainder of this guide provides strategies to write objectively. Using phrases such as “I think” or “I believe” may give an impression of bias.
For a Greater Good: Bias Analysis in Writing Assessment - SAGE …
To use a proper sta-tistical analysis, the type of bias should be determined. van de Vijver and Poortinga (1997) categorized biases into three sorts: (a) Construct bias takes place when the construct being rated is not the same for different cultural groups of testees, (b) Method bias including sample bias, instrument bias, and administration bi...
Author's Tone and Bias - Wake County Public School System
What is Bias? Bias in writing can be defined as: A prejudice against something an author is writing about. Favoritism for something an author is writing about. An author letting feelings or emotions cloud his/her objectivity with regard to something he/she is writing about. Recognizing Bias
USING INCLUSIVE & BIAS-FREE LANGUAGE - Navitas Professional
Students should use language that is free of bias and avoid perpetuating prejudicial beliefs or demeaning attitudes in their writing. In scholarly writing, precision is crucial.
idEnTiFYinG BiAs - Macmillan Education
idEnTiFYinG BiAs • Understand different types of bias. • Consider who a writer is and who or what they represent. • Look at the language a writer uses and what they emphasise or omit in order to decide whether their writing is biased or not. A ork in pairs. Read the wiki W entry about types of bias. Discuss what each type of bias involves.
Approaching Writing with an Antiracist Perspective - San José …
•Bias: In the context of this handout, bias refers to intentional or unintentional use of language to indicate favor to a person or group. There are two main types of bias: explicit and implicit.
Unconscious Bias In Writing rv2 - CNA
we maintain an internal style guide based on APA Style for avoiding bias when discussing historically marginalized people and groups. These seven guidelines from our style guide help ensure our written products reflect our commitment to inclusive language. 7 PRINCIPLES FOR AVOIDING BIAS IN WRITING 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Academic Essay Writing for Postgraduates - The University of …
Academic Essay Writing for Postgraduates is designed to help you plan, draft and revise the assignments you will be doing for your Master’s degree at Edinburgh. the English grammar and vocabulary used to signal these key elements . There are seven Units, each dealing with an important element of academic assignment work at postgraduate level.
Critical Reading IV: Detecting Bias - Valencia College
examine the other side’s views. If an author fails to do so, he or she is said to be biased. Bias refers to a writer’s prejudice for one side of a particular issue. A reader can identify bias by looking carefully at the following elements of a text: • Denotative and Connotative Meaning: the denotative meaning of a word is its literal ...
Mitigating Myside Bias in Argumentation - JSTOR
2 Jan 2023 · ring contradictory claims and evidence. Addressing myside bias is an important consideration for teachers of writing, as effective argumentation requires criti-cal thinking that disentangles personal beliefs a.
Bias-Free Communication Guide - University of California, San Diego
A Guide to Bias-Free Communications A Reference for Preparing Official University Publications Gender People in the university community are increasingly aware of the need to use language that recognizes our diversity and does not offend, demean or exclude people on the basis of gender, race, ethnic group, religion, age,
Bias in Historical Description, Interpretation, and Explanation
There are four common ways in which historical writing can be biased. First, historians sometimes misinterpret evidence, so that they are not justified in asserting that the inferences they draw about what happened in the past are true.
Who, Me? Biased?: Understanding Implicit Bias - PBS LearningMedia
writing and reflection activities, provide students in grades 9-12 the opportunity to engage in a rigorous exploration of the concept of implicit bias. After completing all the assignments, students will be thoroughly familiar with the meaning of the term, the ways in which implicit bias affects society, and how it affects their own thinking.
Determining Fact, Opinion, and Bias - Mr. Anderson
fact and opinion and by evaluating the presence of bias in the text. This lesson helps students determine bias by identifying fact and opinion in a text. Passages for LTF ® lessons are selected to challenge students, while lessons and activities make texts accessible. Guided practice with challenging texts allows students to gain the proficiency
